Abstract: Process for preparing A silver-containing, disperse, water-containing formulation useful for producing electrically conductive and/or optically reflective coatings, which comprises (i) reacting a silver salt solution with a solution containing hydroxide ions, wherein at least one of said solutions comprises a polymeric dispersant, to produce an Ag2O sol, (ii) reacting the Ag2O sol obtained from step i) with a reduction agent, and (iii) purifying the solution obtained from step ii).

Abstract: A process for preparing acyl amide compounds is described, in which a recrystallized o-nitrophenoxy carbonyl compound is hydrogenated with hydrogen gas in the presence of a nickel sponge metal catalyst with ring closure to form a benzoxazine, which is then reacted with an acyl halide to give the corresponding acyl amide compound.

Abstract: Aqueous, printable compositions comprising carbon nanotubes and a polymeric dispersing agent, wherein at least one fifth of the carbon nanotubes have a molecular structure comprising a plurality of stacked and rolled graphene layers; processes for preparing such compositions, methods of use and electrically conductive coatings prepared therewith.

Abstract: A method is described of treating aluminium-metal alloys with organic or inorganic bases by exposing them to an aqueous solution of the base, removing the aqueous base and washing the treated alloy material, the leaching process being monitored, during the time of exposure to the base, on the basis of the potential which is established at a measuring electrode as a result of the treated aluminium-metal alloy and the hydrogen which may be formed during the reaction.

Abstract: A method of producing a plastic sheet equipped with electrical conductors is disclosed. The method that enables automatic production includes (a) fixing in a frame an electrically conducting wire in a sinusoidal, square wave pattern and in a single plane, (b) bringing into contact the single plane and a surface of a plastic sheet under conditions calculated to bond the plastic to said conductor, and (c) removing the frame.

Abstract: A silver-containing, disperse, water-containing formulation and its use to produce electrically conductive and/or optically reflective coatings is described. The formulation contains at least a) 0.5 to 30 parts by wt. of silver metal particles with an effective diameter of at most 150 nm, preferably at most 100 nm, particularly preferably 40 to 80 nm, with a bimodal size distribution, b) 50 to 99.5 parts by wt. of water and optionally up to 30 parts by wt. of solvent, c) 0.01 to 10 parts by wt. of at least one, in particular polymeric, dispersant, d) 0 to 5 parts by wt. of film-producer, e) 0 to 5 parts by wt. of additives, f) 0 to 5 parts by wt. of conductive polymers, and has a viscosity of at most 150 mPa.s.

Abstract: The present patent application encompasses a method of determining characteristic numbers for catalyst material by means of electrochemical measurement, the use of this method for optimization and selection of catalysts and processes.

Abstract: A plastic-metal composite material, in particular a transparent plastic-metal composite material, based on a thermoplastic polymer with a wire gauze made from extremely fine wire is described, for use in particular for electromagnetic shielding or for mechanically reinforced windows.

Abstract: A method of producing a plastic sheet equipped with electrical conductors is disclosed. The method that enables automatic production includes (a) fixing in a frame an electrically conducting wire in a sinusoidal, square wave pattern and in a single plane, (b) bringing into contact the single plane and a surface of a plastic sheet under conditions calculated to bond the plastic to said conductor, and (c) removing the frame.

Abstract: A light-projector that enable its own de-icing or removal of condensation water therefrom and thus suitable as, among others headlights, rear lights and other illuminating devices in motor vehicles is disclosed. The structure of the light projector includes a housing having a light-exit aperture, a lens covering the aperture, and a light source. The cover lens includes at least one transparent electrically conductive layer.

Abstract: A light-projector that enables its de-icing or removal of condensation water therefrom and thus suitable as, among others headlights, searchlights, spotlights and floodlights is disclosed. The structure of the light-projector includes a housing having a light-exit aperture a cover lens for covering the light-exit aperture, a light source and a heating device, wherein said heating device is a source of infrared radiation.

Abstract: A method for determining the concentration of catalyst material in suspension in a hydrogenation reaction mixture on-line by determining the potential difference between a measuring electrode which dips into the reaction mixture and a reference electrode.

Abstract: A method is described of treating aluminium-metal alloys with organic or inorganic bases by exposing them to an aqueous solution of the base, removing the aqueous base and washing the treated alloy material, the leaching process being monitored, during the time of exposure to the base, on the basis of the potential which is established at a measuring electrode as a result of the treated aluminium-metal alloy and the hydrogen which may be formed during the reaction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a simple method for optical detection of the epoxide and/or aldehyde concentration in the waste gases of chemical reactions, particularly propene oxide and/or acrolein, for example, in the catalyzed partial oxidation of propene. The concentration of the epoxide/aldehyde may be estimated quantitatively by visual means by comparison with a standard or evaluated by digitalization of the image obtained on the detection plate. The detection medium employed in this method is a substrate to which an acid salt has been applied and, optionally, heat treated.