Abstract: A method for determining whether a quantum system comprising a superconducting qubit is occupying a first basis state or a second basis state once a measurement is performed is provided. The method, comprising: applying a signal having a frequency through a transmission line coupled to the superconducting qubit characterized by two distinct, separate, and stable states of differing resonance frequencies each corresponding to the occupation of the first or second basis state prior to measurement; and measuring at least one of an output power or phase at an output port of the transmission line, wherein the measured output power or phase is indicative of whether the superconducting qubit is occupying the first basis state or the second basis state.

Abstract: A passenger conveyor handrail (30) has a gripping surface (32, 42, 52, 62, 72, 82) with a generally circular cross-section. Disclosed examples include a toothed driven surface (34, 44, 54, 64, 74, 84) that is adapted to be engaged by a toothed driving member (28) for propelling the handrail in a desired direction. Disclosed examples include having the generally circular cross-section extend along an entire length of the handrail (30) corresponding to the closed loop path followed by the handrail during operation of a corresponding passenger conveyor.

Abstract: A passenger conveyor handrail (30) has a gripping surface (32, 42, 52, 62, 72, 82) with a generally circular cross-section. Disclosed examples include a toothed driven surface (34, 44, 54, 64, 74, 84) that is adapted to be engaged by a toothed driving member (28) for propelling the handrail in a desired direction. Disclosed examples include having the generally circular cross-section extend along an entire length of the handrail (30) corresponding to the closed loop path followed by the handrail during operation of a corresponding passenger conveyor.

Abstract: A mechanical sensor is placed beside the return run of the steps on an escalator or moving walk, The sensor is biased toward the steps so as to bear against each step passing thereby. If a step in the series is missing from its normal position, the sensor will move in the direction of the step run and will open a switch in the escalator power circuit thereby shutting off power to the escalator. The switch can only be manually reset by a mechanic from a location which is closed off to the public.

Abstract: The handrail of an escalator is continuously monitored for movement by a sensor assembly. In the event that the handrail stops moving, the escalator steps are stopped so as to provide a safe environment for passengers on the escalator. The system can also be used with moving walkways equipped with moving handrails.