Abstract: The present invention discloses an antenna arrangement for 4.5G or 5G base station testing purposes. The antenna elements are placed in concentric rings and in a star-shaped arrangement around a center spot. All antenna elements within the same ring are controlled by the same amplitude and phase control signal. The test system processor also selects dedicated rings into use and switches the rest of the rings off. The ring spacing, i.e. the mutual antenna element distance along the same radial line will be determined based on highest frequency within the desired wide frequency band. A bowtie dipole type of antenna can be used. The antenna elements can be fixed on a printed circuit board, and thus, they remain mechanically stationary.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an antenna arrangement for 4.5G or 5G base station testing purposes. The antenna elements are placed in concentric rings and in a star-shaped arrangement around a center spot. All antenna elements within the same ring are controlled by the same amplitude and phase control signal. The test system processor also selects dedicated rings into use and switches the rest of the rings off. The ring spacing, i.e. the mutual antenna element distance along the same radial line will be determined based on highest frequency within the desired wide frequency band. A bowtie dipole type of antenna can be used. The antenna elements can be fixed on a printed circuit board, and thus, they remain mechanically stationary.

Abstract: A directional coupler with two sensing conductors and a basic coupler and a supplementary coupler corresponding to them. The basic coupler is based on the coupling between a first sensing conductor (421) and the transmission conductor (410), and the supplementary coupler is based on the coupling between a second sensing conductor (422) and the transmission conductor. The sensing conductors are substantially shorter than a quarter wave, because of which the directivity of both the basic and the supplementary coupler is low. The other ends of the sensing conductors are connected to each other and further to the measurement port of the directional coupler. The coupling signals caused by a reverse signal in the connecting point of the sensing conductors are arranged equal by their absolute value but oppositely phased, in which case their sum signal in the measurement port is insignificantly small.

Abstract: A directional coupler with two sensing conductors and a basic coupler and a supplementary coupler corresponding to them. The basic coupler is based on the coupling between a first sensing conductor (421) and the transmission conductor (410), and the supplementary coupler is based on the coupling between a second sensing conductor (422) and the transmission conductor. The sensing conductors are substantially shorter than a quarter wave, because of which the directivity of both the basic and the supplementary coupler is low. The other ends of the sensing conductors are connected to each other and further to the measurement port of the directional coupler. The coupling signals caused by a reverse signal in the connecting point of the sensing conductors are arranged equal by their absolute value but oppositely phased, in which case their sum signal in the measurement port is insignificantly small.