Abstract: In this method, the oxygen content in the exhaust is measured relative to the oxygen content of the air by means of a lambda probe (7). To eliminate the influence of pressure variations in the exhaust system (3) of the internal-combustion engine (1) on the measurement, according to the invention an amount of exhaust sample is taken from the exhaust system (3) and not fed to the air pressure of the lambda probe (7) until it has been expanded.

Abstract: A broadcast transmitter with single-sideband modulation for transmitting a message with a band width and carrier power which is lower in comparison with double-sideband modulation. To be able to operate a high-power single-sideband transmitter with only one transmitting tube, a single-sideband modulator (1) is used which generates, as a function on a modulating LF signal (2), a zero-phase modulator amplitude signal (9) which amplitude-modulates the anode (23) of an RF output stage tube (26) via a digital/analog converter (21), constructed as a switching amplifier with pulse step modulation, and an RF filter (22). The single-sideband modulator (1) also supplies a modulator phase signal (19) which is preferably not amplitude-dependent and which is fed to the control grid of the RF output stage tube (26), if necessary via a frequency converter (25).