Abstract: A water flushing device includes a membrane engaged onto an upper portion of a housing for blocking the housing, a valve device for selectively blocking or opening a central opening of the membrane, and two or more gaskets selectively engaged into the membrane and having bores of different inner diameters for adjusting the water flushing speed through the membrane and the gaskets and for adjusting the water flushing from an outlet port of the housing to the floor toilet bowl. The membrane includes an inner peripheral rim and an outer peripheral rim each having a blade for reinforcing the membrane, and includes a number of plates engaged in the middle peripheral portion for further reinforcing the membrane.

Abstract: A topical composition and a method for improving skin characteristics are described. The topical composition comprises a mixture physical scatterers having a neat particle size from about 5 to less than about 100 nm and greater than about 300 nm to about 2 microns. The topical composition of the present invention, when applied, results in desirable skin lightening free of reddish and blotchy characteristics such that a 75 micron thick film of the same yields a red intensity (a) of less than ?1.