Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder including an encoding medium, multiple photodiodes and a signal processing circuit. The encoding medium includes an index track. The index track includes a first index pattern and a second index pattern. The multiple photodiodes include a first index photodiode, a second index photodiode and a reference index photodiode for receiving modulated light from the first index pattern and the second index pattern. When the first index photodiode is aligned with the first index pattern and the second index photodiode is aligned with the second index pattern, the signal processing circuit outputs a triggering signal.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoding system including a photodiode array and a code disk opposite to each other. The code disk is arranged with multiple code slits at a ring area corresponding to the photodiode array. A length direction of each photodiode of the photodiode array has at least one deviation angle with respect to a length direction of the multiple code slits to reduce the total harmonic distortion in photocurrents.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder with alignable relative positions between elements including an encoding medium, a sensor package and a memory. The sensor package includes a photodiode array and two alignment photodiodes opposite to the encoding medium. The memory records an alignment pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes when the encoding medium and the sensor package are at nominal operating positions. When the encoding medium and the sensor package are not at the nominal operating positions, the relative position alignment is performed by adjusting current relative positions between the encoding medium and the sensor package to cause a current pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes to be identical to the alignment pattern.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder with alignable relative positions between elements including an encoding medium, a sensor package and a memory. The sensor package includes a photodiode array and two alignment photodiodes opposite to the encoding medium. The memory records an alignment pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes when the encoding medium and the sensor package are at nominal operating positions. When the encoding medium and the sensor package are not at the nominal operating positions, the relative position alignment is performed by adjusting current relative positions between the encoding medium and the sensor package to cause a current pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes to be identical to the alignment pattern.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder including an encoding medium, multiple photodiodes and a signal processing circuit. The encoding medium includes an index track. The index track includes a first index pattern and a second index pattern. The multiple photodiodes include a first index photodiode, a second index photodiode and a reference index photodiode for receiving modulated light from the first index pattern and the second index pattern. When the first index photodiode is aligned with the first index pattern and the second index photodiode is aligned with the second index pattern, the signal processing circuit outputs a triggering signal.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder including an encoding medium, multiple photodiodes and a signal processing circuit. The encoding medium includes an index track. The index track includes a first index pattern and a second index pattern. The multiple photodiodes include a first index photodiode, a second index photodiode and a reference index photodiode for receiving modulated light from the first index pattern and the second index pattern. When the first index photodiode is aligned with the first index pattern and the second index photodiode is aligned with the second index pattern, the signal processing circuit outputs a triggering signal.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder with alignable relative positions between elements including an encoding medium, a sensor package and a memory. The sensor package includes a photodiode array and two alignment photodiodes opposite to the encoding medium. The memory records an alignment pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes when the encoding medium and the sensor package are at nominal operating positions. When the encoding medium and the sensor package are not at the nominal operating positions, the relative position alignment is performed by adjusting current relative positions between the encoding medium and the sensor package to cause a current pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes to be identical to the alignment pattern.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder with alignable relative positions between elements including an encoding medium, a sensor package and a memory. The sensor package includes a photodiode array and two alignment photodiodes opposite to the encoding medium. The memory records an alignment pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes when the encoding medium and the sensor package are at nominal operating positions. When the encoding medium and the sensor package are not at the nominal operating positions, the relative position alignment is performed by adjusting current relative positions between the encoding medium and the sensor package to cause a current pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes to be identical to the alignment pattern.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder including an encoding medium, multiple photodiodes and a signal processing circuit. The encoding medium includes an index track. The index track includes a first index pattern and a second index pattern. The multiple photodiodes include a first index photodiode, a second index photodiode and a reference index photodiode for receiving modulated light from the first index pattern and the second index pattern. When the first index photodiode is aligned with the first index pattern and the second index photodiode is aligned with the second index pattern, the signal processing circuit outputs a triggering signal.

Abstract: Sensing systems as well as their methods of operation and training are described. In some embodiments, a sensing system may include a compliant contact pad configured to contact an environment, and a plurality of sensors configured to detect a physical parameter associated with deformation of the compliant contact pad. A processor configured to receive signals from the plurality of sensors may determine a magnitude and direction of a force applied to the compliant contact pad.

Abstract: There is provided an optical encoder with alignable relative positions between elements including an encoding medium, a sensor package and a memory. The sensor package includes a photodiode array and two alignment photodiodes opposite to the encoding medium. The memory records an alignment pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes when the encoding medium and the sensor package are at nominal operating positions. When the encoding medium and the sensor package are not at the nominal operating positions, the relative position alignment is performed by adjusting current relative positions between the encoding medium and the sensor package to cause a current pattern associated with output signals of the two alignment photodiodes to be identical to the alignment pattern.

Abstract: Sensing systems as well as their methods of operation and training are described. In some embodiments, a sensing system may include a compliant contact pad configured to contact an environment, and a plurality of sensors configured to detect a physical parameter associated with deformation of the compliant contact pad. A processor configured to receive signals from the plurality of sensors may determine a magnitude, direction, and/or contact location of a force applied to the compliant contact pad.

Abstract: A method and system for producing a plurality of pilot beacon signals with different carrier frequencies is disclosed. One original pilot beacon signal is first obtained, and a splitter is used to make copies of the pilot beacon signal. Each of the copies are fed into a mixer for generating a plurality of intermediate signals with different frequencies. A bandpass filter is subsequently used to select a final one among the intermediate signals. Thus, a set of pilot beacon signals with different frequencies are successfully obtained.

Abstract: A method and system for providing a precision hard handoff between two networks is disclosed. The two networks include a first wireless communication system for serving a defined area, such as a campus, at a first frequency and a second wireless communication system adjacent to the first system and operating at a second frequency. A first pilot beacon distributor is positioned at a transition point of the campus for directionally transmitting a first pilot beacon signal into the campus. When a mobile unit operating on the second frequency crosses the transition point into the campus, it receives the first pilot beacon signal and it shifts operation to the first frequency.

Abstract: A multichannel radiotelephony system provides two way cordless communications with a plurality of multichannel transceivers portable within a coverage area comprised by a plurality of cells, each associated with a base station and antennas, such as to permit channel frequency reuse in cells within the coverage area. For at least part of the coverage area, the locations of the antennas within the cells and the locations of the base stations are independently mapped, the antennas being associated with active antenna systems and the active antenna systems being connected to the base stations utilizing broadband transmission by means of a fixed bi-directional signal distribution network. The network is connected to the base stations and the antenna systems through suitable interfaces incorporating frequency translation so that available frequency bands in the signal distribution network which will normally be shared with other services, may be utilised. Plural base stations may be co-located.