Abstract: In a measuring arrangement comprising a strain gage section (10) constructed of at least one SG (strain gage) (15), and integrated in a measurement pickup (1), an additional circuit (20) amplifies modulated output signals of the SG section (10), and is also integrated in the measurement pickup (1). The measuring arrangement thus obtained is used for general measuring tasks, particularly for commercially available domestic or industrial scales including weighing devices operated by means of commercially available batteries. As an additional circuit, a modulation amplifier can be used which consists of a modulator constructed as squarewave generator, an alternating-voltage amplifier and a demodulator, the demodulator being a bridge rectifier composed of four electronic (on/off) switches or two electrical changeover switches.

Abstract: A method for the multiplication of electrical signals comprises modulating the signals to be multiplied with functions having positive and negative values, multiplying the modulated signals together, demodulating the resulting product with demodulation functions which are the reciprocal of each modulation function, and then averaging the demodulated signal. The modulation circuit comprises an inverter, control signal gated FET's, and an operational amplifier of which the output is the desired modulated signal. A circuit comprising a shift register and an Exclusive-Or gate provides statistical alteration of the cycle duration of the modulation and demodulation functions.

Abstract: A method for determining a vector component of an oscillation such as an oscillatory signal comprises applying the measured analog oscillatory signal to the calibration voltage input of a multiplying digital-to-analog (D/A) converter, and simultaneously applying a digital reference signal to the digital input of the digital-to-analog converter. The reference signal includes sine or cosine values of an oscillation suitable for the vector component determination and having a frequency corresponding to the frequency of the oscillatory signal to be determined. The analog output of the D/A converter is then further processed to ascertain the desired vector component. The circuit arrangement for practicing this method comprises a multiplying digital-to-analog converter and a binary counter which sequentially addresses a digital memory used to provide the digital reference signals. The binary counter is controlled by a reference signal generator.