Abstract: A drill bit for measuring the electromagnetic propagation resistivity of a subterranean formation is disclosed. The drill bit includes a shank portion and a cutting portion with a raised face. The drill bit includes a transmitter element and a receiver element disposed on the raised face. The transmitter element propagates electromagnetic waves into a subterranean formation with a frequency of at least one gigahertz. The receiver element is positioned relative to the transmitter element at a pre-determined distance, with the predetermined distance is based, at least in part, on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: According to aspects of the present disclosure, systems and methods for measuring fluid resistivity are described herein. An example system may include a non-conductive tube. The non-conductive tube may be filled with a fluid, such as a formation fluid or drilling fluid, whose resistivity needs to be determined. A transmitter may be disposed around an outer surface of the non-conductive tube. A first receiver may be disposed around the outer surface of the non-conductive tube, and a second receiver may be positioned within a bore of the non-conductive tube. The transmitter may generate a primary electromagnetic field in a fluid within the tube, which may in turn generate an eddy current and a secondary electromagnetic field. The first and second receivers may be used to identify the eddy current and the resistivity of the fluid.

Abstract: Among the methods provided is a method comprising: providing a fracturing fluid that comprises a base fluid and an additive having a high dielectric constant; and introducing the fracturing fluid into least a portion of a subterranean formation.

Abstract: A method of processing data from an electromagnetic resistivity logging tool which includes a transmitter coil and a receiver coil is disclosed. The electromagnetic resistivity logging tool is placed at a desired location. The transmitter coil and the receiver coil are positioned at a first azimuthal angle. A signal is transmitted from the receiver coil. The receiver coil then receives a signal. The signal at the receiver coil, a tilt angle of the transmitter coil, a tilt angle of the receiver coil and the first azimuthal angle are then used to calculate a first complex voltage representing at least one component of the received signal.

Abstract: An electromagnetic perforation device for well casings includes a coil disposed around a core carried by a mandrel. The device further includes a power supply coupled to a current supply device, which is coupled to said coil. A stabilizing member extends from the mandrel and spaced apart on the mandrel from the coil core. The electromagnetic performance device may be positioned in a well casing, and the current supply device may rapidly supply a current to the coil to created an electromagnetic field in the coil and simultaneously induces a magnetic field in the well casing. The coil, current, and well casing may be selected such that electromagnetic field and the magnetic field produce repulsive magnetic forces that are sufficient to overcome a yield strength of the well casing and perforate the well casing.

Abstract: A method of processing data from an electromagnetic resistivity logging tool which includes a transmitter coil and a receiver coil is disclosed. The electromagnetic resistivity logging tool is placed at a desired location. The transmitter coil and the receiver coil are positioned at a first azimuthal angle. A signal is transmitted from the receiver coil. The receiver coil then receives a signal. The signal at the receiver coil, a tilt angle of the transmitter coil, a tilt angle of the receiver coil and the first azimuthal angle are then used to calculate a first complex voltage representing at least one component of the received signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for characterizing a formation are disclosed. A tool is placed in the formation. The tool comprises a perpendicular antenna set and a parallel antenna set. The perpendicular antenna set comprises at least one transmitter antenna oriented perpendicular to at least one receiver antenna and the parallel antenna set comprises at least one transmitter antenna oriented parallel to at least one receiver antenna. Data is obtained from the tool and used to determine a compensated geosignal for each of the perpendicular antenna set and the parallel antenna set. The determined compensated geosignal is used to characterize the formation.

Abstract: A method of servicing a wellbore, comprising placing a plurality of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) sensors in a wellbore composition, placing the wellbore composition in the wellbore, obtaining data from the MEMS sensors using a plurality of data interrogation units spaced along a length of the wellbore, and telemetrically transmitting the data from an interior of the wellbore to an exterior of the wellbore using a conduit positioned in the wellbore. A system, comprising a wellbore extending the earth's surface, a conduit positioned in the wellbore, a wellbore composition positioned in the wellbore, the wellbore composition comprising a plurality of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) sensors, and a plurality of data interrogation units spaced along a length of the wellbore and adapted to obtain data from the MEMS sensors and telemetrically transmit the data from an interior of the wellbore to an entrance of the wellbore via the conduit.

Abstract: An electromagnetic perforation device for well casings includes a coil disposed around a core carried by a mandrel. The device further includes a power supply coupled to a current supply device, which is coupled to said coil. A stabilizing member extends from the mandrel and spaced apart on the mandrel from the coil core. The electromagnetic performance device may be positioned in a well casing, and the current supply device may rapidly supply a current to the coil to created an electromagnetic field in the coil and simultaneously induces a magnetic field in the well casing. The coil, current, and well casing may be selected such that electromagnetic field and the magnetic field produce repulsive magnetic forces that are sufficient to overcome a yield strength of the well casing and perforate the well casing.

Abstract: An electromagnetic perforation device for well casings includes a coil disposed around a core carried by a mandrel. The device further includes a power supply coupled to a current supply device, which is coupled to said coil. A stabilizing member extends from the mandrel and spaced apart on the mandrel from the coil core. The electromagnetic perforation device may be positioned in a well casing, and the current supply device may rapidly supply a current to the coil to created an electromagnetic field in the coil and simultaneously induces a magnetic field in the well casing. The coil, current, and well casing may be selected such that electromagnetic field and the magnetic field produce repulsive magnetic forces that are sufficient to overcome a yield strength of the well casing and perforate the well casing.

Abstract: Transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals into and from a subterranean formation may include use of an antenna capable of transmitting and of receiving relatively low frequency electromagnetic signals, thereby enabling sensing at great depths. Utilization of a mostly buried dielectric slab with an exposed end may minimize the antenna's profile, facilitating integration into drilling equipment such as a drilling collar, mandrel, or wireline tool.

Abstract: A method and system for calculating formation porosity is presented. The method includes calculating formation porosity of a borehole by obtaining complex dielectric constant measurements with a high frequency dielectric tool. Next, a dielectric constant of formation water is derived from the complex dielectric constant measurements. Finally, a formation porosity is determined based at least in part on the measured complex dielectric constant and the derived dielectric constant formation water.

Abstract: In accordance with aspects of the present invention, a method of inspecting a well tubular is disclosed. The method utilizes a probe with a transmitter and detectors spaced from the transmitter by at least twice the diameter of the pipe to be tested. In some cases where multi-tubular structures are tested, the probe can include further detectors spaced from the transmitter by at least twice the diameter of the outer pipes as well. The phase of signals detected by the detectors relative to the transmitter are utilized to detect faults in the pipes.

Abstract: Methods and systems for characterizing a formation are disclosed. A tool is placed in the formation. The tool comprises a perpendicular antenna set and a parallel antenna set. The perpendicular antenna set comprises at least one transmitter antenna oriented perpendicular to at least one receiver antenna and the parallel antenna set comprises at least one transmitter antenna oriented parallel to at least one receiver antenna. Data is obtained from the tool and used to determine a compensated geosignal for each of the perpendicular antenna set and the parallel antenna set. The determined compensated geosignal is used to characterize the formation.

Abstract: According to aspects of the present disclosure, systems and methods for measuring fluid resistivity are described herein. An example system may include a non-conductive tube. The non-conductive tube may be filled with a fluid, such as a formation fluid or drilling fluid, whose resistivity needs to be determined. A transmitter may be disposed around an outer surface of the non-conductive tube. A first receiver may be disposed around the outer surface of the non-conductive tube, and a second receiver may be positioned within a bore of the non-conductive tube. The transmitter may generate a primary electromagnetic field in a fluid within the tube, which may in turn generate an eddy current and a secondary electromagnetic field. The first and second receivers may be used to identify the eddy current and the resistivity of the fluid.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a subterranean formation is disclosed. A first signal is transmitted from a transmitter to the formation and a second signal which is a reflection of the first signal is received. A third signal, which is the second signal reversed in time, is then transmitted to the formation. A fourth signal which is a reflection of the third signal from the formation is then received and monitored.

Abstract: Methods and systems for characterizing a formation are disclosed. A tool is placed in the formation. The tool comprises a perpendicular antenna set and a parallel antenna set. The perpendicular antenna set comprises at least one transmitter antenna oriented perpendicular to at least one receiver antenna and the parallel antenna set comprises at least one transmitter antenna oriented parallel to at least one receiver antenna. Data is obtained from the tool and used to determine a compensated geosignal for each of the perpendicular antenna set and the parallel antenna set. The determined compensated geosignal is used to characterize the formation.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a subterranean formation porosity is disclosed. The apparent dielectric constant of the subterranean formation and an apparent resistivity of the subterranean formation are measured. The measured values are used to determine a measured formation loss tangent. The formation water loss tangent can be expressed by the water dielectric constant and the water resistivity. The measured formation loss tangent and the formation water loss tangent are then used to determine at least one of an actual dielectric constant of the subterranean formation water and an actual resistivity of the subterranean formation water. The actual formation porosity may be obtained using the estimated water resistivity and water dielectric constant.

Abstract: Various disclosed resistivity imaging tools and methods provide a high-resolution electrode configuration for imaging in oil-based imaging in oil-based muds. Some tool embodiments have a sensing surface that comprises: a measurement electrode, a focus electrode surrounding the measurement electrode, and a return electrode surrounding the focus electrode. The sensing surface can be provided on an extendable sensor pad or on the wall-contacting portion of a stabilizer. Some method embodiments include measuring the measurement electrode current while driving a voltage signal between the measurement electrode and the return electrode. The voltage signal may simultaneously or sequentially provide energy at different frequencies. The resistivity measurements are combined with tool position and orientation measurements to form a borehole wall image.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a subterranean formation is disclosed. A first signal is transmitted from a transmitter to the formation and a second signal which is a reflection of the first signal is received. A third signal, which is the second signal reversed in time, is then transmitted to the formation. A fourth signal which is a reflection of the third signal from the formation is then received and monitored.