Abstract: A circuit (100) that drives word lines and tests a word line (102) in a semiconductor device is disclosed. A charge circuit (108) couples a supply voltage (VPP) to a charge node (106) according to a potential at a boot node (110). The charge node (106) supplies a charge voltage for the word line (102). In a standard cycle, the boot node (110) is charged to a high voltage, and maintained at the high potential, to keep the word line (102) charged. In a test cycle, the boot node (110) is charged to a high voltage, and then discharged to a low voltage, thereby isolating the charge node (106) and the word line (102). In the event the word line (102) suffers from current leakage, a drop in potential will be detected at the charge rode (106).

Abstract: A memory circuit is designed with a memory array (113, 115, 117, 119) having a plurality of banks. Each bank is addressable in response to a bank address signal (102), and each bank arranged in rows and columns of memory cells. Each of plural data leads (122) corresponds to a bank. Each data lead is selectively connected to a column of memory cells by a respective select transistor. A first decode circuit (501) has at least one input and one output terminal. The output terminal (525) is coupled to a control gate of at least one of the select transistors. Each of a plurality of second decode circuits (231) corresponds to a respective bank. Each second decode circuit has a memory element (423, 425, 428)), a plurality of input terminals and at least one output terminal. One second decode circuit input terminal (227) is coupled to receive a first address signal. Another second decode circuit input terminal (229) is coupled to receive the bank address signal.

Abstract: A two step retorting process for pyrolyzing a solid feed selected from the group consisting of oil shale, tar sand, waste motor oil, and scrap tires to recover valuable products therefrom comprising retorting a mixture of the solid feed in heavy oil at a relatively low temperature, recycling the oil formed back to the first step, and completing the pyrolysis of the residue formed at a higher temperature in the absence of product oil recycling. Apparatus is provided including a means for feeding and soaking the solid feed, a HSPR, an IFBC, and means for handling product liquid and gas.