Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: Processor elements are disclosed herein. A processor element comprises a silicon layer. The processor element further comprises a dielectric layer disposed upon and forming an interface with the silicon layer. The processor element further comprises a conductive via in contact with the dielectric layer, the conductive via comprising a metallic portion having an interface end closest to the dielectric layer and a distal end. A cross-sectional area of the interface end of the metallic portion of the conductive via is less than or equal to 100 nm by 100 nm. In use, the application of a bias potential to the distal end of the conductive via induces a quantum dot at the interface between the dielectric layer and the silicon layer, the quantum dot for confining one or more electrons or holes in the silicon layer. Methods are also described herein.

Abstract: A silicon-based quantum device for confining charge carriers is provided.

Abstract: Processor elements are described herein. A processor element comprises a silicon layer. The processor element further comprises one or more conductive electrodes. The processor element further comprises dielectric material having a non-uniform thickness, the dielectric material disposed at least between the silicon layer and the one or more conductive electrodes. In use, when a bias potential is applied to one or more of the conductive electrodes, the positioning of the one or more conductive electrodes and the non-uniform thickness of the dielectric material together define an electric field profile to induce a quantum dot at an interface between the silicon layer and the dielectric layer. Methods are also described herein.

Abstract: Processor elements are disclosed herein. A processor element comprises a silicon layer. The processor element further comprises a dielectric layer disposed upon and forming an interface with the silicon layer. The processor element further comprises a conductive via in contact with the dielectric layer, the conductive via comprising a metallic portion having an interface end closest to the dielectric layer and a distal end. A cross-sectional area of the interface end of the metallic portion of the conductive via is less than or equal to 100 nm by 100 nm. In use, the application of a bias potential to the distal end of the conductive via induces a quantum dot at the interface between the dielectric layer and the silicon layer, the quantum dot for confining one or more electrons or holes in the silicon layer. Methods are also described herein.

Abstract: A device for quantum information processing is disclosed herein. According to examples, the device comprises a first plurality of confinement regions for confining spinful charge carriers for use as data qudits. The device further comprises a second plurality of confinement regions for confining spinful charge carriers for use as ancillary qudits, each confinement region of the second plurality of confinement regions couplable to measurement apparatus for measuring an ancillary qudit. The device further comprises a third plurality of confinement regions for confining spinful charge carriers, each confinement region of the third plurality of confinement regions situated between a first confinement region of the first plurality of confinement regions and a second confinement region of the second plurality of confinement regions and for use in mediating interactions between a data qudit of the first confinement region and an ancillary qudit of the second confinement region.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for controlling charge stability in a device for quantum information processing. According to examples, a device for quantum information processing comprises a first plurality of confinement regions confining spinful charge carriers for use as audits. The device further comprises a second plurality of confinement regions confining spinful charge carriers, each confinement region of the second plurality of confinement regions adjacent to a confinement region of the first plurality of confinement regions. The device further comprises one or more charge reservoirs, wherein each confinement region of the second plurality of confinement regions is attachable to a charge reservoir.

Abstract: A ventilation system having a mask, a blowing assembly, and a processor. The mask has a mask body and a pressure sensor operatively associated with the mask body and configured to measure pressure within the mask. The mask body defines an inlet opening and a plurality of leak openings. The blowing assembly is positioned in fluid communication with the inlet opening of the mask body and configured to direct air to the inlet opening of the mask body. The processor is positioned in operative communication with the blowing assembly and the pressure sensor of the mask. The processor is configured to selectively control the blowing assembly based upon at least the measured pressure within the mask.

Abstract: A ventilation system having a mask, a blowing assembly, and a processor. The mask has a mask body and a pressure sensor operatively associated with the mask body and configured to measure pressure within the mask. The mask body defines an inlet opening and a plurality of leak openings. The blowing assembly is positioned in fluid communication with the inlet opening of the mask body and configured to direct air to the inlet opening of the mask body. The processor is positioned in operative communication with the blowing assembly and the pressure sensor of the mask. The processor is configured to selectively control the blowing assembly based upon at least the measured pressure within the mask.

Abstract: Various embodiments include apparatuses and systems for controlling rotational imbalance of a rotary element. In one embodiment, a rotational imbalance reduction apparatus includes at least one heating element for heating a location on a rotary element, a pulsing element configured to pulse actuate the heating element in synchronization with a multiple, fraction, or mixed fraction of the frequency of rotation of the rotary element, and a control system coupled with the pulsing element and the heating element, the control system actuating the heating element and the pulsing element to apply heat to the location of the rotary element in pulses synchronized with the multiple, fraction, or mixed fraction of the frequency of rotation of the rotary element.

Abstract: A ventilation system having a mask, a blowing assembly, and a processor. The mask has a mask body and a pressure sensor operatively associated with the mask body and configured to measure pressure within the mask. The mask body defines an inlet opening and a plurality of leak openings. The blowing assembly is positioned in fluid communication with the inlet opening of the mask body and configured to direct air to the inlet opening of the mask body. The processor is positioned in operative communication with the blowing assembly and the pressure sensor of the mask. The processor is configured to selectively control the blowing assembly based upon at least the measured pressure within the mask.

Abstract: Various embodiments include apparatuses and systems for controlling rotational imbalance of a rotary element. In one embodiment, a rotational imbalance reduction apparatus includes at least one heating element for heating a location on a rotary element, a pulsing element configured to pulse actuate the heating element in synchronization with a multiple, fraction, or mixed fraction of the frequency of rotation of the rotary element, and a control system coupled with the pulsing element and the heating element, the control system actuating the heating element and the pulsing element to apply heat to the location of the rotary element in pulses synchronized with the multiple, fraction, or mixed fraction of the frequency of rotation of the rotary element.

Abstract: A system includes an electrodynamically suspended seal. The electrodynamically suspended seal includes a first element that includes an electrically conducting material and a second element that includes a magnetic material. At least one of the first and second elements is configured to rotate about an axial axis. The first and second elements are disposed adjacent one another. The rotational movement of at least one of the first and second elements creates a levitation force such that the first and second elements are repelled away from one another. The electrodynamically suspended seal also includes a third element configured to create a counteracting force.

Abstract: An approach for converting a synchronous generator to a synchronous condenser is disclosed. In one aspect, a variable frequency driver is used to provide a starting power source to accelerate a synchronous generator decoupled from a turbine to an operational speed to act as a synchronous condenser. In another aspect, the synchronous condenser can be recoupled back to the turbine to form the synchronous generator.

Abstract: A system includes an electrodynamically suspended seal. The electrodynamically suspended seal includes a first element that includes an electrically conducting material and a second element that includes a magnetic material. At least one of the first and second elements is configured to rotate about an axial axis. The first and second elements are disposed adjacent one another. The rotational movement of at least one of the first and second elements creates a levitation force such that the first and second elements are repelled away from one another. The electrodynamically suspended seal also includes a third element configured to create a counteracting force.

Abstract: A system includes an air separation unit configured to generate a chilled fluid. The system also includes an electromechanical machine configured to be cooled via heat exchange with the chilled fluid.

Abstract: A toy, such as a teddy bear, pair of hand puppets, or other amusement device wherein an electrical circuit is actuated through the connection of two separate halves of a wired shape, such as a heart, moon, star, light bulb or other form, causing said shape to glow via lights, with aforementioned halves held together via a set of neodymium magnets. When the halves are separated, at least one pair of electrical contacts is disconnected, and therefore, the electrical circuit is incomplete such that the toy does not glow. When the halves are mated or otherwise joined, the at least one pair of electrical contacts come into connection with one another and the electrical circuit is completed, causing the lights within the wired shape to glow.

Abstract: A toy, such as a teddy bear, pair of hand puppets, or other amusement device wherein an electrical circuit is actuated through the connection of two separate halves of a wired shape, such as a heart, moon, star, light bulb or other form, causing said shape to glow via lights, with aforementioned halves held together via a set of neodymium magnets. When the halves are separated, at least one pair of electrical contacts is disconnected, and therefore, the electrical circuit is incomplete such that the toy does not glow. When the halves are mated or otherwise joined, the at least one pair of electrical contacts come into connection with one another and the electrical circuit is completed, causing the lights within the wired shape to glow.

Abstract: An approach for converting a synchronous generator to a synchronous condenser is disclosed. In one aspect, a variable frequency driver is used to provide a starting power source to accelerate a synchronous generator decoupled from a turbine to an operational speed to act as a synchronous condenser. In another aspect, the synchronous condenser can be recoupled back to the turbine to form the synchronous generator.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention provide systems and methods relating to online gaming utilizing virtual playing instruments. The virtual playing instruments may be generated from physical playing instruments. In certain embodiments, the playing instruments include at least one identifier that may identified and stored on a computer-readable medium before and/or during a game. In one such embodiment, computer-executable instructions may utilize the information on the computer-readable medium in conjunction with one or more games. Further aspects relate to determining if a collection of virtual playing instruments is a duplicate of another collection of virtual playing instruments. Further aspects relate to validating the playing instruments and/or systems before, during, and/or after conducting one or more games with the playing instruments.