Abstract: Provided herein are methods of producing, compositions comprising and uses of oligodendrogenic neural progenitor cells (o-NPCs), made using a combination of PDGFR agonist and thyroxin or a thyroxin analogue. The method includes; obtaining ventralized neural progenitor cells (NPCs), the ventralized NPCs expressing Sox2, Nkx6-1, decreased level of Pax6 compared to unpatterned NPCs, and elevated expression of HoxA4 compared to unpatterned NPCs; culturing the ventralized NPCs for about 12 to about 16 days (days 26-40 of FIG. 7; days 12 to 27 of FIG. 10) in neural expansion media (NEM) supplemented with i) PDGFR agonist for the about 12 to about 16 days and ii) thyroxine or a thyroxine analogue for the latter about 7 to about 9 days, to produce o-NPC expressing Sox2 and Nkx2.2, decreased level of Pax6 and Nkx6.1 compared to ventralized NPCs and elevated level of HoxA4 and Olig2 compared to ventralized NPCs.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of producing, compositions comprising and uses of oligodendrogenic neural progenitor cells (o-NPCs), made using a combination of PDGFR agonist and thyroxin or a thyroxin analogue. The method includes; obtaining ventralized neural progenitor cells (NPCs), the ventralized NPCs expressing Sox2, Nkx6-1, decreased level of Pax6 compared to unpatterned NPCs, and elevated expression of HoxA4 compared to unpatterned NPCs; culturing the ventralized NPCs for about 12 to about 16 days (days 26-40 of FIG. 7; days 12 to 27 of FIG. 10) in neural expansion media (NEM) supplemented with i) PDGFR agonist for the about 12 to about 16 days and ii) thyroxine or a thyroxine analogue for the latter about 7 to about 9 days, to produce o-NPC expressing Sox2 and Nkx2.2, decreased level of Pax6 and Nkx6.1 compared to ventralized NPCs and elevated level of HoxA4 and Olig2 compared to ventralized NPCs.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods of maintaining and/or expanding an in vitro population of hypoxia compartment cells comprising culturing said population of cells optionally in an oxygen controlled environment, wherein the population of hypoxia compartment cells is exposed to an oxygen concentration of between about 1.5% and about 10%, preferably between about 2% and about 5%, and uses of cells expanded according to these methods.