Abstract: A vehicle stability control system operates by detecting a wheel speed potentially indicative of the presence of a mini-spare wheel at a wheel location of a vehicle with a wheel speed sensor and determines that a mini-spare tire is present responsive to the wheel speed remaining within a predefined band for predefined time. A threshold value that triggers action by a vehicle stability control system is adjusted to provide the mini-spare wheel with a value different than a wheel speed threshold value indicative of wheel slipping for a standard wheel.

Abstract: A method and associated EUV lithography apparatus for determining the phase angle at a free interface (17) of an optical element (13) provided with a multilayer coating (16) that reflects EUV radiation and/or for determining the thickness (d) of a contamination layer (26) formed on the multilayer coating (16). The multilayer coating (16) is irradiated with EUV radiation, a photocurrent (IP) generated during the irradiation is measured, and the phase angle at the free interface (17) and/or the thickness (d) of the contamination layer (26) is determined on the basis of a predefined relationship between the phase angle and/or the thickness (d) and the measured photocurrent (IP). The measured photocurrent (IP) is generated from the entire wavelength and angle-of-incidence distribution of the EUV radiation impinging on the multilayer coating (16).

Abstract: A hologram chip may be programmed to emit and/or augment energy tuned to interact with bodily functions through transdermal contact. The chip may be programmed by using a pair of Tesla pancake coils, each coupled to a spherical electrode and driven to create an energetic field between the electrodes. Embodiments may include systems that include the programmed hologram chip in a fabric body. The systems may be wearable so that the effects of the programmed chip may be applied to selected areas of the human body. Some embodiments may be useful for augmenting healing of ailments.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carboxylic acid derivatives of benzoheterocyclyl pyridines and benzoheterocyclyl pyrimidines of general formula (I) and to the use thereof as herbicides.

Abstract: There are described 6?-phenyl-2,2?-bipyridine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula (I) as herbicides. In this formula (I), R1 to R5 are radicals such as hydrogen, organic radicals such as alkyl, and other radicals such as halogen, nitro, cyano and formyl.

Abstract: 2?-Phenyl-2,4?-bipyridine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula (I) are described as herbicides. In this formula (I), R1 to R5 are radicals such as hydrogen, organic radicals such as alkyl, and other radicals such as halogen, nitro, cyano and formyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel herbicidally active 6-(2-aminophenyl)picoline derivatives and to processes for preparation thereof. The present invention further provides for the use thereof as a herbicide, especially as a herbicide for selective control of weed plants in useful plant crops, and as a plant growth regulator alone or in combination with safeners and/or in a mixture with other herbicides.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) or salts thereof, in each case in the optically active (3R,4R)-threo form, in which R1 is hydrogen or a hydrolysable radical, and (R2)n, (R3)m, n and m are as defined in formula (I) according to claim 1, where the stereochemical configuration at the carbon atom in position 3 of the butanoic acid derivative has a stereochemical purity of from 60 to 100% (R), preferably 70 to 100% (R), or more preferably 80 to 100% (R), in particular 90 to 100% (R), based on a mixture of threo enantiomers present, and the stereochemical configuration at the carbon atom in position 4 of the butanoic acid derivative has a stereochemical purity of from 60 to 100% (R), preferably 70 to 100% (R), more preferably 80 to 100% (R), in particular 90 to 100% (R), based on a mixture of threo enantiomers present, are suitable for use as herbicides and growth regulators, in particular for the selective use in plant crops, and can be prepared by the process of claim 9.

Abstract: An optical beam deflecting element may be used effectively as an energy distribution manipulator in an illumination system to vary the energy distribution within a given spatial intensity distribution in a pupil plane of the illumination system substantially without changing the shape and size and position of illuminated areas in the pupil plane.

Abstract: The present teachings are generally directed to devices and methods for triplet photons generations, and in particular to on-chip integrated sources for generating direct triplet entangled photons.

Abstract: What is described are compounds of the general formula (I) and agrochemically acceptable salts thereof and their use in the field of crop protection.

Abstract: A raster arrangement includes first and second types of raster elements which have different bundle-influencing effects. There is a distance step between a first raster area and a second raster area. The first raster area comprises a raster element of the first raster element type. The second raster area includes a raster element of the second raster element type. The raster arrangement is configured to be used in a microlithography illumination system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carboxylic acid derivatives of benzoheterocyclyl pyridines and benzoheterocyclyl pyrimidines of general formula (I) and to the use thereof as herbicides.

Abstract: An illumination system for microlithography serves to illuminate an illumination field with illumination light of a primary light source. A first raster arrangement has bundle-forming first raster elements which are arranged in a first plane of the illumination system or adjacent to the plane. The first raster arrangement serves to generate a raster arrangement of secondary light sources. A transmission optics serves for superimposed transmission of the illumination light of the secondary light sources into the illumination field. The transmission optics has a second raster arrangement with bundle-forming second raster elements. In each case one of the raster elements of the first raster arrangement is allocated to one of the raster elements of the second raster arrangement for guiding a partial bundle of an entire bundle of illumination light. The first raster arrangement for example has at least two types (I, II, III) of the first raster elements which have different bundle-influencing effects.

Abstract: For the production of mirrors for EUV lithography, substrates are suggested having a mean relative thermal longitudinal expansion of no more than 10 ppb across a temperature difference ?T of 15° C. and a zero-crossing temperature in the range between 20° C. and 40° C. For this purpose, at least one first and one second material having low thermal expansion coefficients and opposite gradients of the relative thermal expansion as a function of temperature are selected and a substrate is produced by mixing and bonding these materials.

Abstract: Substituted (3R,4R)-4-cyano-3,4-diphenylbutanoates, processes for their preparation and their use as herbicides and plant growth regulators Compounds of the formula (I) or salts thereof and salts thereof, in each case in the optically active (3R,4R)-threo form, R1 is hydrogen or a hydrolyzable radical, and (R2)n, (R3)m, n and m are as defined in formula (I) according to claim 1, where the stereochemical configuration at the carbon atom in position 3 of the butanoic acid derivative has a stereochemical purity of 60 to 100% (R), preferably 70 to 100% (R), more preferably 80 to 100% (R), in particular 90 to 100% (R), based on the mixture of threo enantiomers present, and the stereochemical configuration at the carbon atom in position 4 of the butanoic acid derivative has a stereochemical purity of 60 to 100% (R), preferably 70 to 100% (R), more preferably 80 to 100% (R), in particular 90 to 100% (R), based on the mixture of threo enantiomers present, are suitable for use as herbicides and growth regulat

Abstract: A microlithographic illumination system can include a light distribution device that can generate a two-dimensional intensity distribution in a first illumination plane. A first raster array of optical raster elements can generates a raster array of secondary light sources. A device with an additional optical effect can be disposed spatially adjacent to the two raster arrays. The device can be configured as an illumination angle variation device. The device can influence the intensity and/or the phase and/or the beam direction of the illumination light. The influence can be such that an intensity contribution of raster elements to the total illumination intensity can vary across the illumination field. This can enable the illumination intensity to be influenced across the illumination field in a defined manner with respect to the total illumination intensity and/or with respect to the intensity contributions from different directions of illumination.

Abstract: A microlithographic illumination system can include a light distribution device that can generate a two-dimensional intensity distribution in a first illumination plane. A first raster array of optical raster elements can generates a raster array of secondary light sources. A device with an additional optical effect can be disposed spatially adjacent to the two raster arrays. The device can be configured as an illumination angle variation device. The device can influence the intensity and/or the phase and/or the beam direction of the illumination light. The influence can be such that an intensity contribution of raster elements to the total illumination intensity can vary across the illumination field. This can enable the illumination intensity to be influenced across the illumination field in a defined manner with respect to the total illumination intensity and/or with respect to the intensity contributions from different directions of illumination.

Abstract: An actuator arrangement for a motor vehicle drive train has a control device, an electric actuator and a drive circuit for the actuator. The drive circuit receives at least one nominal signal relating to an actuator from the control device and converts it into a drive signal for the actuator. The control device is checked for faults by means of a monitoring device. The drive circuit and/or a power stage which is arranged between the drive circuit and the motor receives a reset signal when such a fault occurs. Further, the control device is configured to check the function of the drive circuit and to generate a reset signal for the drive circuit and/or for the power stage if a malfunction occurs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel herbicidally active 6-(2-aminophenyl)picoline derivatives and to processes for preparation thereof. The present invention further provides for the use thereof as a herbicide, especially as a herbicide for selective control of weed plants in useful plant crops, and as a plant growth regulator alone or in combination with safeners and/or in a mixture with other herbicides.