Abstract: Methods and compositions for performing base-by-base sequencing in situ in a cell or tissue sample that minimize optical crowding are described. In some embodiments, a sequencing primer hybridizes to a priming site 3? to an identifier sequence (e.g., a barcode sequence) in the sample such that the sequencing primer can be extended by a polymerase in a base-by-base fashion using the identifier sequence as a template. The sample can be contacted with nucleotides in a cyclic series of nucleotide incorporation or binding steps, and signals indicative of the incorporation or binding events can be detected to generate signal code sequences comprising a series of signal codes (corresponding to signals (ON signals), absence of signals (OFF signals), or a combination thereof) detected in the sequential cycles. Decoding of the identifier sequences based at least in part of the signal code sequences can be used to detect and locate the corresponding analytes.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a reactive species source, a spectral measurement volume, a light source to emit a light beam into the spectral measurement volume, a spectrometer to receive the light beam from the spectral measurement volume. The apparatus includes an a controller configured to, when a reactive species is present in the spectral measurement volume, control the light source to emit the light beam into the spectral measurement volume and the spectrometer to determine an environment spectrum using the light beam, and when the reactive species is not present in the spectral measurement volume, control the light source to emit the light beam into the spectral measurement volume and the spectrometer to determine a baseline spectrum using the light beam, calculate a net spectrum based on a difference between the environment spectrum and the baseline spectrum, and estimate a concentration of the reactive species based on the net spectrum.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a reactive species source, a spectral measurement volume, a light source to emit a light beam into the spectral measurement volume, a spectrometer to receive the light beam from the spectral measurement volume. The apparatus includes an a controller configured to, when a reactive species is present in the spectral measurement volume, control the light source to emit the light beam into the spectral measurement volume and the spectrometer to determine an environment spectrum using the light beam, and when the reactive species is not present in the spectral measurement volume, control the light source to emit the light beam into the spectral measurement volume and the spectrometer to determine a baseline spectrum using the light beam, calculate a net spectrum based on a difference between the environment spectrum and the baseline spectrum, and estimate a concentration of the reactive species based on the net spectrum.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods and apparatus for controlling edge performance during process. One embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus comprising a chamber body defining a process volume, a gas inlet configured to flow a process gas into the process volume, and a supporting pedestal disposed in the process volume. The supporting pedestal comprises a top plate having a substrate supporting surface configured to receive and support the substrate on a backside, and an edge surface configured to circumscribe the substrate along an outer edge of the substrate, and a height difference between a top surface of the substrate and the edge surface is used to control exposure of an edge region of the substrate to the process gas.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides apparatus and methods for processing a semiconductor substrate. Particularly, the present invention provides an inductively coupled plasma reactor having improved process uniformity. One embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for processing a substrate comprising a chamber body defining a process volume configured to process the substrate therein, an adjustable coil assembly coupled to the chamber body outside the process volume, a supporting pedestal disposed in the process volume and configured to support the substrate therein, and a gas injection assembly configured to supply a process gas towards a first process zone and a second process zone independently.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods and apparatus for controlling edge performance during process. One embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus comprising a chamber body defining a process volume, a gas inlet configured to flow a process gas into the process volume, and a supporting pedestal disposed in the process volume. The supporting pedestal comprises a top plate having a substrate supporting surface configured to receive and support the substrate on a backside, and an edge surface configured to circumscribe the substrate along an outer edge of the substrate, and a height difference between a top surface of the substrate and the edge surface is used to control exposure of an edge region of the substrate to the process gas.

Abstract: A selected hover altitude deviation display and method for displaying the difference between the current altitude of an aircraft and a selected hover altitude on a multi-functional display unit that includes a compass rose and an aircraft symbol. An altitude sensor generates current altitude data, which is transmitted to a computer processing unit together with a selected hover altitude. The selected hover altitude is determined by the pilot of the aircraft. The selected hover altitude is displayed as a static, analog symbolic representation on the multi-functional display unit. The hover altitude deviation is displayed as a dynamic, analog symbolic representation of the difference between the current altitude of the aircraft and the selected hover altitude. With the selected hover altitude deviation display, the pilot can readily see if his aircraft is above or below a selected hover altitude without relying on external visual reference cues.

Abstract: A medical device introduction system, a medical introducer, and related methods are provided. The medical device introduction system preferably includes a medical introducer having an introducer body and a plurality of lumen formed therein, an imaging device positioned in a predetermined one of the plurality of lumen of the medical introducer so that the imaging device is separately controllable independent of the medical introducer, and a separate steerable working channel device positioned in at least one other of the plurality of lumen of the medical introducer so that the separate steerable working channel device and the imaging device are separately controllable by a user thereof independent of each other. The separate steerable working channel device preferably includes an elongate tube portion having at least one lumen formed therein which defines the working channel and steering means associated with the elongate tube portion for steering the elongate tube portion.

Abstract: A catheter and methods are provided for inserting at least portions thereof into a vessel, cavity, or tissue of a human body to thereby provide manipulation of a distal portion of the catheter when positioned within a vessel, cavity, or tissue. The catheter preferably has a module which includes an elongate tube having at least one lumen extending from a distal end to a proximal end of the tube, a module interface connected to the proximal end of the tube, and a deflector connected to the tube for deflecting the distal portion of the elongate tube. A handle detachably connects to the module and is configured to be readily held in the hand of a user. The handle has a body which includes a wall positioned in and extending transversely across distal portions of the body. The wall has an outer surface thereof defining an exterior portion of the body and a first cavity formed within the body. Preferably, the body detachably and coextensively connects to the module interface through the outer surface of the wall.

Abstract: A catheter and methods are provided for inserting at least portions thereof into a vessel, cavity, or tissue of a human body to thereby provide manipulation of a distal portion of the catheter when positioned within a vessel, cavity, or tissue. The catheter preferably has a module which includes an elongate tube having at least one lumen extending from a distal end to a proximal end of the tube, a module interface connected to the proximal end of the tube, and a deflector connected to the tube for deflecting the distal portion of the elongate tube. A handle detachably connects to the module and is configured to be readily held in the hand of a user. The handle has a body which includes a wall positioned in and extending transversely across distal portions of the body. The wall has an outer surface thereof defining an exterior portion of the body and a first cavity formed within the body. Preferably, the body detachably and coextensively connects to the module interface through the outer surface of the wall.

Abstract: A catheter and methods are provided for inserting at least portions thereof into a vessel, cavity, or tissue of a human body to thereby provide manipulation of a distal portion of the catheter when positioned within a vessel, cavity, or tissue. The catheter preferably has a module which includes an elongate tube having at least one lumen extending from a distal end to a proximal end of the tube, a module interface connected to the proximal end of the tube, and a deflector connected to the tube for deflecting the distal portion of the elongate tube. A handle detachably connects to the module and is configured to be readily held in the hand of a user. The handle has a body which includes a wall positioned in and extending transversely across distal portions of the body. The wall has an outer surface thereof defining an exterior portion of the body and a first cavity formed within the body. Preferably, the body detachably and coextensively connects to the module interface through the outer surface of the wall.

Abstract: A catheter and methods are provided for inserting at least portions thereof into a vessel, cavity, or tissue of a human body to thereby provide manipulation of a distal portion of the catheter when positioned within a vessel, cavity, or tissue. The catheter preferably has a module which includes an elongate tube having at least one lumen extending from a distal end to a proximal end of the tube, a module interface connected to the proximal end of the tube, and a deflector connected to the tube for deflecting the distal portion of the elongate tube. A handle detachably connects to the module and is configured to be readily held in the hand of a user. The handle has a body which includes a wall positioned in and extending transversely across distal portions of the body. The wall has an outer surface thereof defining an exterior portion of the body and a first cavity formed within the body. Preferably, the body detachably and coextensively connects to the module interface through the outer surface of the wall.