Abstract: A process for preparing carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic anhydrides by gas phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, in which a gas stream comprising at least one aromatic hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed continuously over a catalyst thermostatted by a heat carrier medium, which comprises keeping the temperature of the heat carrier medium constant during the startup of the reactor for at least 24 hours, during which neither the loading of the gas stream with hydrocarbons nor the gas stream volume is increased by more than 3%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst system for oxidation of o-xylene and/or naphthalene to phthalic anhydride (PA), comprising a plurality of catalyst zones arranged in succession in the reaction tube, which have been produced using antimony trioxide comprising a noticeable proportion of senarmontite wherein some of the primary crystallites have a size of less than 200 nm. The present invention further relates to a process for gas phase oxidation, in which a gas stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through a catalyst system which comprises a plurality of catalyst zones arranged in succession in the reaction tube and which has been produced using an antimony trioxide comprising a noticeable proportion of senarmontite wherein some of the primary crystallites have a size of less than 200 nm.

Abstract: A process for preparing carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic anhydrides by gas phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, in which a gas stream comprising at least one aromatic hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed continuously over a catalyst thermostatted by a heat carrier medium, which comprises keeping the temperature of the heat carrier medium constant during the startup of the reactor for at least 24 hours, during which neither the loading of the gas stream with hydrocarbons nor the gas stream volume is increased by more than 3%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing phthalic anhydride by gas phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, in which a gas stream comprising at least one aromatic hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed continuously over a thermostatted catalyst and the supply of the at least one aromatic hydrocarbon to the catalyst is temporarily interrupted after putting the catalyst on stream.

Abstract: A combination of micronized cellulose and fluorescent whitening agents for surface treatment of cellulosic sheet-formed materials, e.g. paper, board or cotton fabric, and to preparations including the micronized cellulose and the fluorescent whitening agents. The combination enables improved fluorescent whitening and optical brightening of the cellulosic materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the oxidation of o-xylene and/or naphthalene to phthalic anhydride, which has a plurality of catalyst zones which are arranged in series in the reaction tube and have been produced using an antimony trioxide which comprises a significant proportion of valentinite. The present invention further relates to a process for gas-phase oxidation, in which a gas stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through a catalyst produced using an antimony trioxide which comprises a significant proportion of valentinite.

Abstract: A method of making a dental restoration comprises steps of transmitting from a scanning device scan data to a central processing unit and receiving on a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) device machine control data for manufacturing a dental restoration from the central processing unit. The machine control data are associated with the scan data. Further the scanning device and the CNC device are at the same first location, whereas the central processing unit is at a different second location remote from the first. The method further comprises steps of providing a dental blank and shaping the dental blank based on the machine control data to provide the dental restoration. The method and a system for performing the method help maximizing the timely efficiency in a restoration of a tooth and helps maximizing the quality of a chairside manufactured dental restoration.

Abstract: A vehicle heater includes a plurality of heating units (12, 14) as well as a heat exchanger device (32) for transmitting heat provided in the heating units (12, 14) to a heat carrier medium (M). The heat exchanger device (32) includes, associated with each heating unit (12, 14), a heat exchanger zone for transmitting heat provided in the heating unit (12, 14) to the heat carrier medium (M).

Abstract: One embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to a method used in the making of a dental restoration, which comprises the steps of determining a tooth flat at a patient's tooth, and evaluating the tooth flat to provide a geometric characteristic data of the first tooth flat. The characteristic data are used to provide a computer model of a jaw motion under occlusal contact between teeth in the patient's upper and lower jaws. In one embodiment, the method helps facilitating the preparation of dental restorations.

Abstract: A method for monitoring transportation of bills ensures reliable control of the transportation processes. Each bill (BN) is routed through a light barrier that has a light-sensitive sensor (S) to detect at least one edge of the bill (BN). To suppress detection of windows (W) and to detect the rear edge (HK) of the bill (BN), the signal (S0) produced by the sensor (S) is debounced. The debounce time (dT) is set based on the length of the bill (BN), to a first period (dT1) that corresponds to the expected length of the bill (BN). The debounce time (dT) is set to the first period (dT1) as soon as the signal (S0) produced by the sensor (S) indicates the first appearance of an edge, particularly the front edge (VK), of the bill (BN). The debounce time can be set to a second shorter, period (dT2) after the first period (dT1) has elapsed.

Abstract: The invention includes a support frame for producing a dental workpiece. The frame has a Z axis and comprising wall sections defining a hole that extends along the Z axis through the frame. At least one of the wall sections comprises an adhesive-directing surface extending along the Z axis in a non-parallel relationship. Such a configuration provides optimized methods for affixing a blank to the support frame and optimized properties of the blank after fixation to the support frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for preparing carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic anhydrides, which has a plurality of catalyst zones arranged in series and has been produced using a vanadium antimonate having a maximum content of crystalline valentinite of 5% by weight. The present invention further relates to a process for gas-phase oxidation in which a gas stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through a catalyst which has a plurality of catalyst zones arranged in series and has been produced using a vanadium antimonate having a maximum content of crystalline valentinite of 5% by weight.

Abstract: In general the invention is directed to computer implemented systems and methods for assessing the size of a dental restoration blank. In one embodiment, the invention provides a computer-readable medium comprising dental CAD application code which implements the following procedures: generating in a computer memory a three dimensional digital rendering of a dental restoration; generating in the computer a digital rendering of a blank volume, the blank volume corresponding in dimensions to the usable volume of a blank that is available for milling, and the blank volume having a boundary corresponding to its edges; calculating areas of the dental restoration which are beyond the boundary; and providing the calculated areas to a calling function, user, user interface, or module.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition suitable for optically whitening paper or board, wherein the composition contains specified bis-triazinylamino-stilbene fluorescent whitening agents with carboxylic acid and/or sulfonic acid groups. The composition can be used for whitening paper in the pulp, size press or by coating.

Abstract: A method for monitoring transportation of bills ensures reliable control of the transportation processes. Each bill (BN) is routed through a light barrier that has a light-sensitive sensor (S) to detect at least one edge of the bill (BN). To suppress detection of windows (W) and to detect the rear edge (HK) of the bill (BN), the signal (S0) produced by the sensor (S) is debounced. The debounce time (dT) is set based on the length of the bill (BN), to a first period (dT1) that corresponds to the expected length of the bill (BN). The debounce time (dT) is set to the first period (dT1) as soon as the signal (S0) produced by the sensor (S) indicates the first appearance of an edge, particularly the front edge (VK), of the bill (BN). The debounce time can be set to a second shorter, period (dT2) after the first period (dT1) has elapsed.

Abstract: A method of making a dental restoration is provided. The dental restoration comprises a frame and a veneer. An inner veneer surface and an outer frame surface are adapted to be mated with one another to form the dental restoration. The method in particular comprises steps of (a) providing an outer veneer surface; (b) determining an outer frame surface, based on the outer veneer surface; (c) determining an inner veneer surface, based on the outer frame surface; and (d) providing an inner frame surface, based on a natural tooth surface. The method may be advantageous for rapid, precise and inexpensive manufacturing of a dental restoration.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a computer-program product for providing a unified connectivity to a plurality of business processes are disclosed. A plurality of business processes for connection to a server are provided. A uniform configuration connection assembly for connecting the plurality of business processes to the server is generated. The uniform configuration connection assembly is configured based on at least one profile corresponding to at least one business process in the plurality of business processes and contains at least one connectivity artifact for performing at least one connectivity task for at least one business process in the plurality of business processes. At least a portion of the plurality of business processes to the server is connected based on the generated uniform configuration connection assembly.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous fluorescent whitening agent preparations are disclosed for optically whitening paper, wherein the preparation contains a specific disulfo-type fluorescent whitening agent.

Abstract: Fluorescent whitening agent compositions include at least two specific disulfo-type fluorescent whitening agents for optically whitening paper or board.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition suitable for optically whitening paper or board, wherein the composition contains specified bis-triazinylamino-stilbene fluorescent whitening agents with carboxylic acid and/or sulfonic acid groups. The composition can be used for whitening paper in the pulp, size press or by coating.