Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, an apparatus and method for creating a model, including the third dimension (3D), in a CAD program directly from a laser or sonar measuring device. As the measurements of an architectural structure are taken and as numeric codes are entered into the keypad of the laser or sonar measuring device, the invention receives the data on a laptop, PC, or other computing device, interprets the data, and consequently engages commands in the CAD program to create a 3D file reflecting the architectural space being measured by the user.

Abstract: Structured defects in a digital image are detected by examining at least one context-dependent property of candidate image regions of the digital image.

Abstract: Artificial chromosomes, including ACes, that have been engineered to contain available sites for site-specific, recombination-directed integration of DNA of interest are provided. These artificial chromosomes permit tractable, efficient, rational engineering of the chromosome for a variety of applications.