Abstract: A composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one alkaloid combined with one or more non-alkaloid components, wherein the composition is configured to be administered to a subject.

Abstract: A composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one alkaloid combined with one or more non-alkaloid components, wherein the composition is configured to be administered to a subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides certain amino acid derivatives that inhibit NF-kB activation and are therefore useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and processes for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: A composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one alkaloid combined with one or more non-alkaloid components, wherein the composition is configured to be administered to a subject.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising an isolated form of a compound of Formula I or IA (e.g., anatabine or S-(?)-anatabine) or a salt thereof can be used to treat disorders comprising an inflammatory component, including chronic, low-level inflammation. Compounds of Formula I also can be provided, for example, in other vehicles such as beverage products and consumer products such as lotions and creams.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for treating diseases and pathological conditions or processes mediated by undesired and/or uncontrolled angiogenesis (characterized as “angiogenic diseases”), in particular cancer, by increasing the in vivo concentration of the A? peptide, within a patient suffering from such diseases, conditions or processes. The present invention also concerns diagnostic methods and kits for the detection and measurement of anti-angiogenic A? peptide activity in biological fluids and tissues. Such diagnostic methods and kits can be utilized to screen compounds for potential therapeutic activity in the treatment of angiogenic diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and cancer.

Abstract: Provided are compounds which can be used in combination for treating diseases associated with a condition associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid, such as Alzheimer's disease. Also provided are methods of treating or reducing the risk of developing ?-amyloid production, ?-amyloid deposition, ?-amyloid neurotoxicity (including abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau) and microgliosis associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid by administering therapeutically effective amounts of compounds which in combination can decrease ?-amyloid production and capacitative calcium entry in cells. Further provided are methods for diagnosing diseases associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid in animals or humans by administering diagnostically effective amounts of the compounds.

Abstract: Provided are A? peptide fragments that are useful in inhibiting angiogenesis. Also provided are methods for the treatment of pathological or unwanted angiogenesis and conditions and diseases associated therewith by administering an effective amount of an A? fragment. In a particular embodiment, the peptide fragment includes the sequence HHQKLVFF.

Abstract: Provided are compounds useful for treating diseases associated with a cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid, such as Alzheimer's disease. Also provided are methods for screening for such compounds, by measuring capacitative calcium entry in cells which optionally overexpress APP or a fragment thereof. Also provided are methods of treating or reducing the risk of developing ?-amyloid production, ?-amyloid deposition, ?-amyloid neurotoxicity (including abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau) and microgliosis associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid by administering therapeutically effective amounts of compounds which decrease ?-amyloid production and capacitative calcium entry in cells. Further provided are methods for diagnosing diseases associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid in animals or humans by administering diagnostically effective amounts of compounds which inhibit capacitative calcium entry in cells.

Abstract: Provided are compounds useful for treating diseases associated with a cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid, such as Alzheimer's disease. Also provided are methods for screening for such compounds, by measuring capacitative calcium entry in cells which optionally overexpress APP or a fragment thereof. Also provided are methods of treating or reducing the risk of developing ?-amyloid production, ?-amyloid deposition, ?-amyloid neurotoxicity (including abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau) and microgliosis associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid by administering therapeutically effective amounts of compounds which decrease ?-amyloid production and capacitative calcium entry in cells. Further provided are methods for diagnosing diseases associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid in animals or humans by administering diagnostically effective amounts of compounds which inhibit capacitative calcium entry in cells.

Abstract: The invention provides an isolated nucleic acid characteristic of human amyloid precursor protein 770 including the nucleotides encoding codon 670 and 671, wherein the nucleic acid encodes an amino acid other than lysine at codon 670 and/or an amino acid other than methionine at codon 671. Also provided is a method of diagnosing or predicting a predisposition to Alzheimer's disease, comprising detecting in a sample from a subject the presence of a mutation at a nucleotide position corresponding to codons 670 and/or 671 of amyloid precursor protein or fragment thereof, the presence of the mutation indicating the presence of or a predisposition to Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The subject invention provides methods of treating amyloidogenic diseases, comprising the administration of therapeutically effective amounts of a composition comprising a carrier and an agent that interferes with the interaction of CD40L and CD40R to an individual afflicted with an amyloidogenic disease. Also provided are methods and/or assay systems for the identification of compounds or other small molecules capable of disrupting the CD40R/CD40L signaling pathway.

Abstract: Provided are compounds useful for treating diseases associated with a cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid, such as Alzheimer's disease. Also provided are methods for screening for such compounds, by measuring capacitative calcium entry in cells which optionally overexpress APP or a fragment thereof. Also provided are methods of treating or reducing the risk of developing ?-amyloid production, ?-amyloid deposition, ?-amyloid neurotoxicity (including abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau) and microgliosis associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid by administering therapeutically effective amounts of compounds which decrease ?-amyloid production and capacitative calcium entry in cells. Further provided are methods for diagnosing diseases associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid in animals or humans by administering diagnostically effective amounts of compounds which inhibit capacitative calcium entry in cells.

Abstract: Provided are compounds useful for treating diseases associated with a cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid, such as Alzheimer's disease. Also provided are methods for screening for such compounds, by measuring capacitative calcium entry in cells which optionally overexpress APP or a fragment thereof. Also provided are methods of treating or reducing the risk of developing ?-amyloid production, ?-amyloid deposition, ?-amyloid neurotoxicity (including abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau) and microgliosis associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid by administering therapeutically effective amounts of compounds which decrease ?-amyloid production and capacitative calcium entry in cells. Further provided are methods for diagnosing diseases associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid in animals or humans by administering diagnostically effective amounts of compounds which inhibit capacitative calcium entry in cells.

Abstract: The invention provides an isolated nucleic acid characteristic of human amyloid precursor protein 770 including the nucleotides encoding codon 670 and 671, wherein the nucleic acid encodes an amino acid other than lysine at codon 670 and/or an amino acid other than methionine at codon 671. Also provided is a method of diagnosing or predicting a predisposition to Alzheimer's disease, comprising detecting in a sample from a subject the presence of a mutation at a nucleotide position corresponding to codons 670 and/or 671 of amyloid precursor protein or fragment thereof, the presence of the mutation indicating the presence of or a predisposition to Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating Alzheimer's Disease by blocking CD-40 receptor-mediated, A?-induced microglial cell activation with an agent. Also provided is a method of determining the therapeutic effectiveness of an agent for Alzheimer's Disease by measuring the inhibition of the interaction between the CD40 receptor and its ligand (CD40L) in the presence of the agent. The present invention further provides a method of testing the efficacy of a therapeutic agent by producing a TgAppSW/CD40L deficient mouse and administering to the mouse the therapeutic agent to be tested and determining the efficacy of the drug in suppressing neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for reducing ?-amyloid deposition, ?-amyloid neurotoxicity and microgliosis in animals or humans afflicted with a cerebral amyloidogenic disease, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), by administering therapeutically effective amounts of the dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist, nilvadipine. The present invention also provides methods for diagnosing cerebral amyloidogenic diseases in animals or humans. Further provided are methods for reducing the risk of ?-amyloid deposition, ?-amyloid neurotoxicity and microgliosis in animals or humans suffering from traumatic brain injury by administering nilvadipine immediately after the traumatic brain injury and continuing treatment for a prescribed period of time thereafter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating tumors or proliferative disorders that are associated with angiogenesis by administering &ggr;-secretase and &bgr;-secretase inhibitors that inhibit secretases involved in amyloid precursor protein processing. In particular, methods are provided to treat tumors or proliferative disorders, or to inhibit angiogenesis associated with tumors, proliferative or inflammatory disorders, in animals or humans in need of such treatment or angiogenic inhibition, by administering to the animal or human therapeutically effective amounts in unit dosage form of a composition containing a carrier and at least one &ggr;-secretase or &bgr;-secretase inhibitor that inhibits secretase APP processing.

Abstract: There is provided an assay method for determining the effect of an agent on Alzheimer's Disease pathology by treating microglial cells with A&bgr; peptides, adding CD40 ligand to the microglial cells, adding a therapeutic agent to the microglial cells, and measuring Alzheimer's Disease pathology. Also provided is a method of determining therapeutic effectiveness of an agent for Alzheimer's Disease by measuring the inhibition of CD40-CD40L binding in the presence of the agent. An assay for determining the effect of an agent on Alzheimer's Disease pathology having A&bgr; peptides for adding to microglial cells, CD40 ligand for being added to the microglial cells, a therapeutic agent being added to the microglial cells and a measuring device for reassuring Alzheimer's Disease pathology is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a research model for screening compounds suspected of modulating the CD40L/CD40R signaling pathway by interfering with the CD40L/CD40R signaling pathway in an animal or human. Additionally, methods are provided for causing a desired biological effect in an individual or system afflicted with neuronal inflammation, brain injury/trauma, a tauopathy, or an amyloidogenic disease, as well as for the identification of compounds and/or small molecules capable of disrupting the CD40L/CD40R signaling pathway.