Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel compounds for use in therapeutic treatment of a disease associated with peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), such as peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (PAD4). The present disclosure also relates to processes and intermediates for the preparation of such compounds, methods of using such compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds described herein.

Abstract: The thermal cycling system for performing a biological reaction at two or more different temperatures comprises: a) a heat source for setting at a fixed temperature; b) a reaction vessel containing material upon which the biological reaction is to be performed; c) mechanically-operable structure for altering the relative position of the heat source and the reaction vessel so that reaction vessel first achieves and maintains a desired first temperature in the reaction vessel for starting the carrying out of the biological reaction, and then for altering the relative position of the heat source and the reaction vessel so that the reaction vessel then achieves and maintains a second temperature for continuing the carrying out of the biological reaction on the biological material, and d) temperature-sensing structure operatively associated with the reaction vessel for controlling the altering of the relative position of the heat source and the reaction vessel so that the reaction vessel achieves and maintains the

Abstract: A reaction tube for use in performing the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in a thermal cycler, is provided herein such reaction tube includes a hollow tube of heat conducting synthetic plastics material having an open top and a flat bottom formed of an optically-clear material. Such reaction tube also includes a solid plug cap nesting within said hollow tube and to provide a minimized void volume within the hollow tube and to minimize evaporation and condensation of the biological fluid.

Abstract: A thermal cycling system and method are provided herein, The thermal cycling system for performing a biological reaction at two or more different temperatures comprises: a) a heat source for setting at a fixed temperature; b) a reaction vessel containing material upon which the biological reaction is to be performed; c) mechanically-operable means for altering the relative position of the heat source and the reaction vessel so that reaction vessel first achieves and maintains a desired first temperature in the reaction vessel for starting the carrying out of the biological reaction, and then for altering the relative position of the heat source and the reaction vessel so that reaction vessel then achieves and maintains a second temperate for continuing the carrying out of the biological reaction on the biological material, and d) temperature-sensing means operatively associated with the reaction vessel for controlling the altering of the relative position of the heat source and the reaction vessel so that the