Patents by Inventor Michael Romalis
Michael Romalis has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 11953569Abstract: According to various embodiments, a direct magnetic gradiometer having intrinsic subtraction of rotation signals from two oppositely polarized atomic ensembles within a single multi-pass cell is disclosed. The gradiometer includes three convex spherical mirrors aligned in a V-shape geometry. The three convex spherical mirrors include a front mirror and two back mirrors. The gradiometer further includes a probe laser beam. The laser beam is configured to be initially focused at a near-zero angle into a hole at a center of the front mirror such that the laser beam expands at the back mirrors and nearly overlaps with itself while undergoing multiple reflections between the front and back mirrors. The laser beam is further configured to be refocused to the front mirror at different spots in a number equal to half of total beam passes before exiting.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 2021Date of Patent: April 9, 2024Assignee: THE TRUSTEES OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITYInventors: Michael Romalis, Nezih Dural, Vito-Giovanni Lucivero, Wonjae Lee
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Patent number: 11604237Abstract: A magnetic field measurement system includes a magnetometer having at least one vapor cell, at least one light source to direct at least two light beams through the vapor cell(s), and at least one detector; at least one magnetic field generator to modify an external magnetic field experienced by the vapor cell(s); and at least one processor configured for: applying a first modulation pattern, bmod(t), to the magnetic field generator(s) to modulate a magnetic field at the vapor cell(s), where bmod(t)=[cx cos(?t)+sx sin(?t), cy cos(?t)+sy sin(?t), cz cos(?t)+sz sin(?t)], where cx, sx, cy, sy, cz, and sz are amplitudes and ? is a frequency; directing the light source(s) to direct the light beams through the vapor cell(s); receiving signals from the detector(s); and determining three orthogonal components of the external magnetic field using the received signals. Multi-frequency modulation patterns can alternatively be used.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 2022Date of Patent: March 14, 2023Assignee: HI LLCInventors: Micah Ledbetter, Benjamin Shapiro, Ethan Pratt, Ricardo Jimenez-Martinez, Argyrios Dellis, Kayla Wright-Freeman, Geoffrey Iwata, Michael Romalis
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Publication number: 20220397618Abstract: A magnetic field measurement system includes a magnetometer having at least one vapor cell, at least one light source to direct at least two light beams through the vapor cell(s), and at least one detector; at least one magnetic field generator to modify an external magnetic field experienced by the vapor cell(s); and at least one processor configured for: applying a first modulation pattern, bmod(t), to the magnetic field generator(s) to modulate a magnetic field at the vapor cell(s), where bmod(t)=[cx cos(?t)+sx sin(?t), cy cos(?t)+sy sin(?t), cz cos(?t)+sz sin(?t)], where cx, sx, cy, sy, cz, and sz are amplitudes and ? is a frequency; directing the light source(s) to direct the light beams through the vapor cell(s); receiving signals from the detector(s); and determining three orthogonal components of the external magnetic field using the received signals. Multi-frequency modulation patterns can alternatively be used.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 5, 2022Publication date: December 15, 2022Inventors: Micah Ledbetter, Benjamin Shapiro, Ethan Pratt, Ricardo Jimenez-Martinez, Argyrios Dellis, Kayla Wright-Freeman, Geoffrey Iwata, Michael Romalis
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Publication number: 20220221277Abstract: According to various embodiments, a method for reducing heading error in a magnetometer that uses Rb-87 atoms is disclosed. The method includes varying a direction and magnitude of a magnetic field at different spin polarization regimes. According to various embodiments, a magnetometer adapted for reduced heading error is disclosed. The magnetometer includes a multipass cell containing Rb-87 vapor, a pump laser operated in a pulse mode that is synchronous with a Larmor frequency, and two orthogonal probe lasers configured to rotate to vary a direction and magnitude of a magnetic field at different spin polarization regimes.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 28, 2021Publication date: July 14, 2022Applicant: The Trustees of Princeton UniversityInventors: Wonjae Lee, Michael Romalis, Vito Giovanni Lucivero, Mark Limes, Elizabeth Foley, Tom Kornack
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Publication number: 20220137162Abstract: According to various embodiments, a direct magnetic gradiometer having intrinsic subtraction of rotation signals from two oppositely polarized atomic ensembles within a single multi-pass cell is disclosed. The gradiometer includes three convex spherical mirrors aligned in a V-shape geometry. The three convex spherical mirrors include a front mirror and two back mirrors. The gradiometer further includes a probe laser beam. The laser beam is configured to be initially focused at a near-zero angle into a hole at a center of the front mirror such that the laser beam expands at the back mirrors and nearly overlaps with itself while undergoing multiple reflections between the front and back mirrors. The laser beam is further configured to be refocused to the front mirror at different spots in a number equal to half of total beam passes before exiting.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 5, 2021Publication date: May 5, 2022Applicant: The Trustees of Princeton UniversityInventors: Michael Romalis, Nezih Dural, Vito-Giovanni Lucivero, Wonjae Lee
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Patent number: 10852371Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus relating generally to scalar atomic magnetometers. The disclosed methods and apparatus utilize a pressurized sample chamber and a high frequency pulsed pump laser to increase spin polarization and significantly suppress heading errors. These methods and apparatus may also include alternating polarization of the pump light between pulses.Type: GrantFiled: December 1, 2016Date of Patent: December 1, 2020Assignee: THE TRUSTEES OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITYInventors: Michael Romalis, Haifeng Dong, Andrei Baranga
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Publication number: 20180356476Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus relating generally to scalar atomic magnetometers. The disclosed methods and apparatus utilize a pressurized sample chamber and a high frequency pulsed pump laser to increase spin polarization and significantly suppress heading errors. These methods and apparatus may also include alternating polarization of the pump light between pulses.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 1, 2016Publication date: December 13, 2018Applicant: The Trustees of Princeton UniversityInventors: Michael ROMALIS, Haifeng DONG, Andrei BARANGA
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Patent number: 7145333Abstract: The present invention provides a high sensitivity atomic magnetometer and methods of measuring low intensity magnetic fields that relate to the use of an alkali metal vapor and a buffer gas; increasing the magnetic polarization of the alkali metal vapor thereby increasing the sensitivity of the alkali metal vapor to a low intensity magnetic field; probing the magnetic polarization of the alkali metal vapor, the probing means providing an output from the alkali metal vapor, the output including characteristics related to the low intensity magnetic field; and measuring means that receives the output, determines the characteristics of the low intensity magnetic field, and provides a representation of the low intensity magnetic field. In addition, the invention relates to a magnetometer and methods that provide a representation of a first magnetic field originating within a sample volume. The sample volume may be part or all of a subject, such as a human subject.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 2005Date of Patent: December 5, 2006Assignees: The Trustees of Princeton University, University of WashingtonInventors: Michael Romalis, Tom Kornack, Joel Allred, Rob Lyman
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Patent number: 7038450Abstract: The present invention provides a high sensitivity atomic magnetometer and methods of measuring low intensity magnetic fields that relate to the use of an alkali metal vapor and a buffer gas; increasing the magnetic polarization of the alkali metal vapor thereby increasing the sensitivity of the alkali metal vapor to a low intensity magnetic field; probing the magnetic polarization of the alkali metal vapor, the probing means providing an output from the alkali metal vapor, the output including characteristics related to the low intensity magnetic field; and measuring means that receives the output, determines the characteristics of the low intensity magnetic field, and provides a representation of the low intensity magnetic field. In addition, the invention relates to a magnetometer and methods that provide a representation of a first magnetic field originating within a sample volume. The sample volume may be part or all of a subject, such as a human subject.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2003Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignees: Trustees of Princeton University, University of WashingtonInventors: Michael Romalis, Tom Kornack, Joel Allred, Rob Lyman, Ioannis Kominis
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Publication number: 20050212607Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for increasing the intensity of coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances, used in atomic clocks and magnetometers, by pumping the atoms with light of alternating polarization. Pumping with such light, characterized by a photon spin vector that alternates in direction at a hyperfine frequency of the atoms at the location of the atoms, is referred to as push-pull pumping. In one embodiment of the system of the present invention, alkali-metal vapor is pumped with alternating circular-polarization D1 laser light that is intensity modulated at appropriate resonance frequencies, thereby exciting CPT resonances, which can be observed as increase in the mean transmittance of the alkali-metal vapor. These resonances are substantially enhanced due to an optically-induced concentration of atoms in the resonant energy sublevels.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 7, 2005Publication date: September 29, 2005Inventors: William Happer, Yuan-Yu Jau, Nicholas Kuzma, Eli Miron, Amber Post, Michael Romalis
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Publication number: 20050206377Abstract: The present invention provides a high sensitivity atomic magnetometer and methods of measuring low intensity magnetic fields that relate to the use of an alkali metal vapor and a buffer gas; increasing the magnetic polarization of the alkali metal vapor thereby increasing the sensitivity of the alkali metal vapor to a low intensity magnetic field; probing the magnetic polarization of the alkali metal vapor, the probing means providing an output from the alkali metal vapor, the output including characteristics related to the low intensity magnetic field; and measuring means that receives the output, determines the characteristics of the low intensity magnetic field, and provides a representation of the low intensity magnetic field. In addition, the invention relates to a magnetometer and methods that provide a representation of a first magnetic field originating within a sample volume. The sample volume may be part or all of a subject, such as a human subject.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 23, 2005Publication date: September 22, 2005Applicants: The Trustees of Princeton University, University of WashingtonInventors: Michael Romalis, Tom Kornack, Joel Allred, Rob Lyman
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Publication number: 20040140799Abstract: The present invention provides a high sensitivity atomic magnetometer and methods of measuring low intensity magnetic fields that relate to the use of an alkali metal vapor and a buffer gas; increasing the magnetic polarization of the alkali metal vapor thereby increasing the sensitivity of the alkali metal vapor to a low intensity magnetic field; probing the magnetic polarization of the alkali metal vapor, the probing means providing an output from the alkali metal vapor, the output including characteristics related to the low intensity magnetic field; and measuring means that receives the output, determines the characteristics of the low intensity magnetic field, and provides a representation of the low intensity magnetic field. In addition, the invention relates to a magnetometer and methods that provide a representation of a first magnetic field originating within a sample volume. The sample volume may be part or all of a subject, such as a human subject.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 16, 2003Publication date: July 22, 2004Applicants: The Trustees of Princeton University, University of WashingtonInventors: Michael Romalis, Tom Kornack, Joel Allred, Rob Lyman, Ioannis Kominis