Abstract: Disclosed herein include methods, compositions, and kits suitable for use in signal amplification. There are provided, in some embodiments, protease-based signal amplification modules. Disclosed herein include amplifier proteins comprising a first part of a first protease domain, a first dimerization domain, a first cut site a protease in a protease active state is capable of cutting, a second dimerization domain, a second cut site a protease in a protease active state is capable of cutting, and a first caging domain. Disclosed herein include companion amplifier proteins comprising a second part of a first protease domain, a third dimerization domain, a third cut site a protease in a protease active state is capable of cutting, a fourth dimerization domain, a fourth cut site a protease in a protease active state is capable of cutting, and a second caging domain.

Abstract: A vapor barrier and method for applying same around an insulated pipe structure is disclosed. The vapor barrier a vapor retarder layer, an adhesive layer disposed on one side of the vapor retarder layer, and a release layer covering the adhesive layer. The vapor barrier has a two-dimensional geometric profile which corresponds to a three-dimensional structure of a specific pipe joint. Applying the vapor barrier comprises removing first and second portions of the release layer to expose respective portions of the adhesive layer, adhering the respective portions of release layer to corresponding areas of the pipe joint, forming an overlap seal in which a portion of the vapor barrier is adhered to itself via a portion of the adhesive layer, and forming an edge seal in which a portion of the prefabricated vapor barrier is adhered to a portion of adjacent insulation structure via a portion of the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A device for providing a temporary space between and a pipe and a pipe support comprises a standoff having a top and a bottom surface, a depression defined in the top surface, wherein the depression has a shape that corresponds to a diameter of the pipe. The standoff defines a standoff height between at least a portion of the depression and the bottom surface such that in a first condition in which the standoff is disposed between the pipe and the pipe support the standoff defines a space. Insulation is disposable in the space between the pipe and the pipe support in a second condition in which the standoff is removed from between the pipe and the pipe support. A method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vapor barrier and method for applying same around an insulated pipe structure is disclosed. The vapor barrier a vapor retarder layer, an adhesive layer disposed on one side of the vapor retarder layer, and a release layer covering the adhesive layer. The vapor barrier has a two-dimensional geometric profile which corresponds to a three-dimensional structure of a specific pipe joint. Applying the vapor barrier comprises removing first and second portions of the release layer to expose respective portions of the adhesive layer, adhering the respective portions of release layer to corresponding areas of the pipe joint, forming an overlap seal in which a portion of the vapor barrier is adhered to itself via a portion of the adhesive layer, and forming an edge seal in which a portion of the prefabricated vapor barrier is adhered to a portion of adjacent insulation structure via a portion of the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A device for providing a temporary space between and a pipe and a pipe support comprises a standoff having a plurality of blocks, with each block having a top and a bottom surface spaced from each other by sides, and a plurality of flexible connectors interconnecting the blocks. At least one flexible connector extends between adjacent blocks. The standoff defines a height such that in a first condition, in which the standoff is disposed between the pipe and the pipe support, the standoff defines a space and the flexible connectors flex with the standoff extending along at least a part of a circumference and the pipe. The insulation can be disposed in the space between the pipe and the pipe support in a second condition in which the standoff is removed from between the pipe and the pipe support. A method is also disclosed.