Abstract: A ladder stand-off includes an extension beam and first and second stand-off sections slidingly mounted on the extension beam, so as to provide an adjustable span. Each stand-off section includes a support beam and an arm fixedly connected to the first support beam. A contact element is pivotally contacted to the outer end of each arm, allowing the device to be used with flat, curved and corner surfaces. The two arms preferably extend in an outward direction so as to be angularly divergent with respect to each other. The device can also be implemented as a ladder stand-off kit having multiple extension beams of different lengths that can be used interchangeably with the two ladder stand-off sections. In this case, the desired extension beam would be assembled with the first and second stand-off sections to form a ladder stand-off.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy absorber provides a base having an electrically conductive ground plane positioned thereover. At least one dielectric and one impedance layer are positioned over the ground plane or surface on a side thereof opposite the base. An external most dielectric skin seals the structure. Additional alternating dielectric and impedance layers can be positioned over the first dielectric and impedance layers. The impedance layer, can be formed from a resistive sheet formed into a broken pattern that can comprise a series of geometric shapes spaced from each other. The broken pattern is sized to vary the specific impedance of the sheet. The resistive sheet can be combined with a series of composite dielectric layers to form an integral composite structure. Three resistive sheet layers can be provided with predetermined spacings from the ground surface and predetermined impedance to effect broadband absorption characteristics.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy absorbing structure provides a base structure having an electrically conductive ground plane positioned thereover. At least one dielectric and one impedance layer are positioned over the ground plane or surface on a side thereof opposite the base. An external most dielectric skin seals the structure. Additional alternating dielectric and impedance layers can be positioned over the first dielectric and impedance layers. The dielectric layer can be constructed from syntactic foam with impedance layers formed from patterns of conductive dipoles. The impedance layer, can alternatively, be formed from a resistive sheet formed into a broken pattern that may comprise a series of geometric shapes spaced from each other. The resistive sheet can be combined with a series of composite dielectric layers to form an integral composite structure.