Abstract: There is provided a multilayer liquid crystal display of the twisted nematic type which comprises at least two liquid crystal layers and at least three polarizers, the sequence of which is described in detail. The device of the invention is characterized by an extremely high contrast ratio and makes possible very fast switching which is of importance for many applications. When a sequence of more than two liquid crystal layers, with a required number of polarizers is used, very high contrast ratios can be attained.

Abstract: An arrangement for propelling liquids over long distances involves enclosing liquid in a plurality of thin plastic spheres having a dimpled surface. The liquid containing spheres are propelled over substantial distances by shooting them from a pipe by means of compressed air.

Abstract: There is provided a transparent substratum structure for use in the construction of large-size liquid crystal displays, consisting of a triple layer structure of a thick transparent sheet, a resilient elastic layer, and a thin glass plate bonded to said elastic layer. The sheets may be bonded by a transparent elastic glue, and the thin glass plate is generally about 0.1 to 0.6 mm thick.There are also provided large-size back-to-back twin liquid crystal display panels consisting of two outer transparent thick sheets and two thin glass sheets separated by a thin elastic transparent layer with liquid crystal layers between said thick and thin plates, forming an integrated structure, with a polarizer between the thin glass plates, in addition to the resilient layer.

Abstract: There is provided a multicolor liquid crystal display comprising an integrated multilayer arrangement of the sequence: thick transparent plate, color filter, thin glass plate, liquid crystal, and thick glass plate, there being provided a transparent electrode pattern corresponding to that of the filter pattern, which electrode patterns are applied to the two surfaces which face the liquid crystal. The order of thickness of the thin glass plate is generally about 0.2 mm or less, and up to about 0.3 mm. The color filter may be in the form of a pattern of colored stripes or dots; there can also be used a multicolor filter comprising a pattern of stripes or dots of dichroic transmissive polarizing material, in conjunction with a polarizer applied to the rear plate of the device.

Abstract: A large liquid crystal display panel, assembled from many smaller sized liquid crystal panels, each carrying a small portion of a larger character or image. The liquid crystals panels may be carried on a common support. For providing the liquid crystal panels, with changeable colors, a new shape of an electrode-matrix is proposed, which have on one inside surface of the liquid crystal panel, electrodes in the form of the desired character or image and on a second inside surface, electrodes in the form of narrow strips, which are disposed on coated narrow strips of different colors. The energization of the electrodes is electronically controlled to effect the appearance of characters or images in different, changeable colors. The large liquid crystal panels can be transmissive, reflective or transflective.

Abstract: A device for displaying any desired alphanumeric character in any desired color, comprising an arrangement of a transmissive liquid crystal display of a conventional pattern, for example of sixteen segments, behind which is placed a frosted glass, or translucent plastic, and a plurality of light sources of different colors, the light of which passes via the transmissive liquid crystal display, and a combination of a number of mirrors for increasing the brightness of the observation surface of the display.

Abstract: A large image or picture system includes a flat screen, on which is projected pictures from three small liquid crystal display panels behind or in front of which are disposed respectively three filters of the colors red, green and blue. Three light sources are provided behind the respective liquid crystal panels, while three lenses are provided respectively in front of the liquid crystal panels. The lenses project three partial pictures in three different colors onto a single screen, creating a complete multicolored picture. For high capability of information of the pictures, large liquid crystal panels are proposed, which are assembled from many small liquid crystal cells, allowing rapid switching and multiplexing. Changing the frequency of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cells results in a modulation of the light intensity of the individual parts of the picture, resulting in artistic pictures, like photographs.

Abstract: A large system includes a flat cinema screen on which is projected pictures from a small transparent liquid crystal display (LCD) pattern panel. A light source is provided behind the pattern panel and a cinema lens is provided in front of the pattern panel. An electronically controlled color filter in one embodiment is placed behind the pattern panel allowing one to obtain colored figures. In one variant, an electronically controlled gray filter, placed behind the pattern panel allows one to obtain artistic or black-and-white photograph-like pictures. The pattern panel together with the electronically controlled color filter and/or the electronically controlled gray filter forms an electronically controlled slide, a new electronic component.

Abstract: A large picture system includes a flat cinema screen, on which is projected pictures from a small transparent liquid crystal display (LCD) pattern panel. A light source is provided behind the pattern panel and a cinema lens is provided in front of the pattern panel. An electronically controlled color filter in one embodiment is placed behind the pattern panel, allowing one to obtain colored figures. In one variant, an electronically controlled gray filter, placed behind the pattern panel allows one to obtain artistic or black-and-white photograph-like pictures. The pattern panel together with the electronically controlled color filter and/or the electronically controlled gray filter forms an electronically controlled slide, a new electronic component.