Abstract: A computer-implemented method for increasing a training data volume for a machine learning system for determining an initial refractive power value for an intraocular lens to be inserted is described. The method includes measuring a group of ophthalmological biometry data of a patient and determining an initial refractive power value for the intraocular lens to be inserted by a trained machine learning system. The measured ophthalmological biometry data and a postoperative target refraction value are used as input data for the trained machine learning system. The method also includes measuring a postoperative refractive results value, assigning the postoperative refractive results value to the measured ophthalmological biometry data of the patient, and determining an importance indicator value for the new training data record.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for determining a refractive power value of an intraocular lens to be inserted is described. The method includes measuring ophthalmological patient data, receiving a target refraction value, determining a first refractive power value of an intraocular lens to be inserted, with the measured ophthalmological patient data and the target refraction value being used as input data, determining, by means of a trained machine learning system, a second refractive power value of the intraocular lens to be inserted, the measured ophthalmological patient data and the received target refraction value being used as input data for the trained machine learning system, and determining the final refractive power value of the intraocular lens to be inserted from the first refractive power value and the second refractive power value by means of an individual boosting factor value.

Abstract: A method for training a machine learning system with an extended set of patient data is described. This method includes measuring patient data and assigning ground truth data, determining the number of data pairs E/A, determining whether the number of data pairs lies below a previously defined training data threshold value, and if this is the case, carrying out the following steps: selecting a physical-optical model; using data pairs E/A in order to determine corresponding second output vectors A? from input vectors E by means of the relation function R, determining a respective difference vector, modifying the input vectors by an ?-vector; determining third output vectors of the relation function; determining modified output vectors; and training a machine learning system by means of the modified data and the original data.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for training a machine learning system to determine an expected offset for a physical postoperative lens position of an intraocular lens to be inserted. The method includes determining a plurality of theoretical positions in the eye of different intraocular lenses to be inserted, the determination including a respective use of a relation and a respective lens-specific constant for the plurality of the theoretical postoperative positions.

Abstract: Knowledge of the anatomical, post-operative position and orientation influences not only the selection of the IOL to be implanted but also the result of the refractive operation on the eye. In the method for selecting an IOL to be implanted into an eye on the basis of the prediction of the anatomical, post-operative position (ALP) and orientation thereof, based on pre-operative measuring values such as, for example, anterior chamber depth (VKT), lens thickness (LD) and axial eye length (AL), the invention additionally or exclusively uses the curvature(s) of the eye lens or measuring values derived therefrom. The proposed method is used to predict the anatomical, post-operative position (ALP) and orientation of an intraocular lens (IOL) to be implanted into an eye.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: Knowledge of the anatomical, post-operative position and orientation influences not only the selection of the IOL to be implanted but also the result of the refractive operation on the eye. In the method for selecting an IOL to be transplanted into an eye on the basis of the prediction of the anatomical, post-operative position (ALP) and orientation thereof, based on pre-operative measuring values such as, for example, anterior chamber depth (VKT), lens thickness (LD) and axial eye length (AL), the invention additionally or exclusively uses the curvature(s) of the eye lens or measuring values derived therefrom. The proposed method is used to predict the anatomical, post-operative position (ALP) and orientation of an intraocular lens (IOL) to be transplanted into an eye.

Abstract: A method for selecting an intraocular lens (IOL), to optimize the results of refractive procedures on the eye. According to the invention, the method for selecting the IOL includes: a) determining the required biometrical parameters of the eye; b) using the parameters for a corresponding eye model; c) evaluating, using ray tracing, the data of an IOL to be implanted; d) selecting, on the basis of said data, an IOL to be implanted; and e) repeating the method steps c) and d) for further suitable IOLs. To optimize the method, different measuring methods are used to determine the biometrical parameters, a corresponding patient-specific eye model is identified, and, when selecting the IOL, additional retinal image metrics are taken into consideration alongside the determined data. The method according to the invention permits the optimized selection of a spherical, aspheric, toric or multifocal IOL for implantation.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: A method for selecting an intraocular lens (IOL), to optimize the results of refractive procedures on the eye. According to the invention, the method for selecting the IOL includes: a) determining the required biometrical parameters of the eye; b) using the parameters for a corresponding eye model; c) evaluating, using ray tracing, the data of an IOL to be implanted; d) selecting, on the basis of said data, an IOL to be implanted; and e) repeating the method steps c) and d) for further suitable IOLs. To optimize the method, different measuring methods are used to determine the biometrical parameters, a corresponding patient-specific eye model is identified, and, when selecting the IOL, additional retinal image metrics are taken into consideration alongside the determined data. The method according to the invention permits the optimized selection of a spherical, aspheric, toric or multifocal IOL for implantation.

Abstract: A method for calculating the values of an intraocular lens to be implanted, wherein the results of numerous cataract operations are taken into account in the calculation for intraocular lenses to be implanted in the future. At least the corneal topography, the length of the eye and the depth of the anterior chamber are determined pre-operatively, the values of the IOL to be implanted are calculated by means of ray-tracing, and at least the corneal topography, the length of the eye, the depth of the anterior chamber and the objective, wavefront-based residual refraction are determined post-operatively. The measurement values determined pre-operatively and post-operatively are used to optimize the surgically-induced astigmatism and the post-operative anatomical lens position for calculating the values of IOLs to be implanted in the future.

Abstract: A method for the preoperative selection of an intraocular lens to optimise the results of refractive surgery on the eye. On the basis of an eye model comprising the individual biometric parameters of the eye, potentially suitable IOLs are selected on the basis of their optical parameters such as optical power, asphericity and toricity, and the residual refraction of potentially suitable IOLs is calculated using ray tracing. Various metrics, preferably retinal image metrics, are used to calculate the residual refraction and in order to improve the selection, at least one additional parameter is taken into consideration for the calculation, said calculation taking the postoperative effects of the selected IOL and/or of the surgical technique used into account.

Abstract: A method for calculating the values of an intraocular lens to be implanted, wherein the results of numerous cataract operations are taken into account in the calculation for intraocular lenses to be implanted in the future. At least the corneal topography, the length of the eye and the depth of the anterior chamber are determined pre-operatively, the values of the IOL to be implanted are calculated by means of ray-tracing, and at least the corneal topography, the length of the eye, the depth of the anterior chamber and the objective, wavefront-based residual refraction are determined post-operatively. The measurement values determined pre-operatively and post-operatively are used to optimize the surgically-induced astigmatism and the post-operative anatomical lens position for calculating the values of IOLs to be implanted in the future.

Abstract: A method for the preoperative selection of an intraocular lens to optimise the results of refractive surgery on the eye. On the basis of an eye model comprising the individual biometric parameters of the eye, potentially suitable IOLs are selected on the basis of their optical parameters such as optical power, asphericity and toricity, and the residual refraction of potentially suitable IOLs is calculated using ray tracing. Various metrics, preferably retinal image metrics, are used to calculate the residual refraction and in order to improve the selection, at least one additional parameter is taken into consideration for the calculation, said calculation taking the postoperative effects of the selected IOL and/or of the surgical technique used into account.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration.; The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to make high-quality recordings of the anterior and/or posterior segments of the eye as an individual image or also as a sequence of images without increasing the radiation load on the eye to be examined. In the method according to the invention, at least one pre-flash is used in order to determine an optimal exposure time for the main flash based on the recording of the pre-flash which is reflected by the object to be recorded. Both the pre-flash and the main flash are controllable and the recordings of the pre-flash and main flash are recorded with the same sensor of the electronic camera and are evaluated electronically by a control unit, and the recording of the main flash and, as the case may be, of the pre-flash is analyzed and/or corrected and displayed to the user.