Abstract: Compounds and compositions that deliver both uridine and ketoleucine are useful in treating disorders characterized by diminished muscle strength or diminished muscle lean mass. One such a compound is 5?-O-ketoleucyl-2?,3?-di-O-acetyluridine.

Abstract: A gas laser includes discharge tubes connected to together by corner housings, each corner housing including a first cooling channel configured to allow flow of a first coolant. A heat exchanger circuit includes a plurality of second cooling channels configured to allow flow of a second coolant. Each second cooling channel is operable to cool laser gas prior to the laser gas entering into one of the corner housings. The gas laser further includes a temperature control device, in which the temperature control device is selected from the group consisting of a laser gas cooling device, a coolant temperature control assembly, and combinations thereof. The temperature control device is operable to maintain a temperature difference of less than approximately 5 K between the first coolant flowing through the first cooling channel of the corner housing and the laser gas entering into the corner housing.

Abstract: A gas laser includes an unstable laser resonator disposed in a laser housing, and a beam guide configured to guide a laser beam decoupled from the laser resonator out of the laser housing. The laser beam is coupled into the beam guide, and the beam guide is an optical fiber that extends out of the laser housing and guides the beam from the housing.

Abstract: A gas laser includes an unstable laser resonator disposed in a laser housing, and a beam guide configured to guide a laser beam decoupled from the laser resonator out of the laser housing. The laser beam is coupled into the beam guide, and the beam guide is an optical fiber that extends out of the laser housing and guides the beam from the housing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the beam guiding of a laser beam with at least one optical element and with a housing that has a first housing section, which can be fitted at least partially into a support body of a power laser or beam guiding system or can be attached thereto, and a further housing section that at least partially encloses the optical element, wherein a one-piece housing is provided, into which the optical element can be fitted, and wherein a bearing surface for the optical element is provided, which bearing surface at least partially encloses the housing opening and has a coating with a surface that is harder than the housing material.

Abstract: A spiral-type guide member having a spiral channel extending about an open center portion is provided adjacent the gas inlet end of the laser discharge tube of a gas laser assembly. This guides the entering gas stream about the periphery of the laser discharge tube to improve the distribution of the power of the laser beam over the cross section of the laser discharge tube to the discharge tube of the laser beam 113 is provided for the laser gas in the feed line 123, through which at least part of the laser gas is fed to the laser-discharge tube 103.

Abstract: A laser processing machine incorporates a gas flushed beam guiding chamber (3) and an optical element (2) bounding the beam guiding chamber (3) on the beam input side serves the optical element to direct the laser beam (4) into the beam-guiding chamber (3), and a flushing gas intake opening (10) is provided in the beam-guiding chamber (3) near the optical element (2). An optical diaphragm aperture (7, 21) is provided in the beam guiding chamber (3) for shaping the laser beam (4) and it is designed to also serve as a restrictor for the flushing gas. The diaphragm subdivides the beam guiding chamber, and, since only the part of the beam guiding chamber between the optical element and the diaphragm is subject to positive pressure, the amount of flushing gas needed for flushing is reduced.

Abstract: A gas laser includes a control to modify the distribution of the intensity of the laser light over the laser beam cross section produced in the lasing gas within at least one laser tube by at least two electrodes and a voltage supply unit by means of which a voltage can be fed to electrodes. A discharge area forms in the lasing gas and this can be affected by adjusting the amplification profile of the laser over the excitation cross section of the laser tube.

Abstract: A gas laser (1) has an optics system and a mode-masking diaphragm in the beam guiding chamber of the laser resonator. The optics system is adjustable between two settings in each of which any higher-order modes of the laser beam (3) are masked out. The Gaussian mode (9) can be generated in one of the two settings, and the ring mode (10) in the other setting. An appropriate control permits switching between Gaussian and ring modes depending upon the intended processing operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the beam guiding of a laser beam with at least one optical element and with a housing that has a first housing section, which can be fitted at least partially into a support body of a power laser or beam guiding system or can be attached thereto, and a further housing section that at least partially encloses the optical element, wherein a one-piece housing is provided, into which the optical element can be fitted, and wherein a bearing surface for the optical element is provided, which bearing surface at least partially encloses the housing opening and has a coating with a surface that is harder than the housing material.

Abstract: An HF-excited gas laser has a laser tube of ceramic material containing a laser gas, and the tube includes a chemical component which will preclude passage therethrough of secondary radiation of a wavelength within a proscribed range which would interact with the material of the laser tube to create defects therein. The chemical component to prevent damage to the laser tube may be provided as a layer on its inside surface which is essentially impermeable to and/or reflects the secondary radiation back into the lasing gas. Alternatively, the material of the laser tube may incorporate the chemical component, preferably over the portion of the wall adjacent its inner surface.

Abstract: A laser processing machine incorporates a gas flushed beam guiding chamber (3) and an optical element (2) bounding the beam guiding chamber (3) on the beam input side serves the optical element to direct the laser beam (4) into the beam-guiding chamber (3), and a flushing gas intake opening (10) is provided in the beam-guiding chamber (3) near the optical element (2). An optical diaphragm aperture (7, 21) is provided in the beam guiding chamber (3) for shaping the laser beam (4) and it is designed to also serve as a restrictor for the flushing gas. The diaphragm subdivides the beam guiding chamber, and, since only the part of the beam guiding chamber between the optical element and the diaphragm is subject to positive pressure, the amount of flushing gas needed for flushing is reduced.

Abstract: In a gas laser (1) with a laser gas circulation path (5) in which a fan (4) conveys the laser gas (6) through a laser discharge space or tube (2) and a cooling system (3a, 3b), the gas throughput is increased by a bypass (8) of the laser discharge space (2). In the bypass may be a filter, cooler and catalyst for treating that portion of the laser gas flowing therethrough. The volume of gas diverted through the bypass may be adjusted to improve the efficiency of the laser.

Abstract: Known power lasers have outstanding electrical, optical and mechanical properties, in spite of different temperature conditions during switching on and during operation. However, they are expensive. These properties are retained, despite cheaper production costs in that, starting from a solid monolithic optical bench, several mirror blocks and intermediate blocks are mechanically rigidly connected to this, and are shaped such that they do not deflect during chip-removing machining, and those bores necessary for the laser path are only then provided.

Abstract: A carrying structure for the flanges and other elements of two laser beam paths has a geometric central plane zone that lies between and parallel to geometric central plane zones of the two laser beam paths so that the carrying structure includes the flanges of the first and second laser beam paths, is common to at least two laser segments, and that the first central plane zone of the first laser segment is disposed parallel to the second central plane zone of the second laser segment.