Abstract: Comprehensive shunting systems for draining fluid from a region of the body, such as in the treatment of hydrocephalus. The shunting systems greatly improve the drainage of such fluid and are capable of attaining a significantly extended lifetime of service within the patient being treated. A catheter accommodates the growth of the patient, even when the shunt system is inserted within an infant. The shunt systems improve drainage of fluid through a shunt by preventing proteinaceous buildup resulting in shunt malfunction. In addition, an improved proximal catheter is disclosed which is capable of being caused to assume a position spaced from the body tissue, i.e., ventricular lining. Valve assemblies attain pressure regulation, such that stagnant reservoirs or columns of fluid are eliminated to prevent formation of sediment and ultimately valve malfunction, and collapse of a body cavity due to evacuation of fluid is not encountered.