Abstract: Tetraisopentyl esters of butanetetracarboxylic acid are useful as plasticizers or as part of a plasticizer composition for polymers, A process for the production thereof, plasticizer compositions containing the tetraisopentyl esters of butanetetracarboxylic acid, and plastics compositions containing the tetraisopentyl esters of butanetetracarboxylic acid are also provided,

Abstract: Tetraisopentyl esters of butanetetracarboxylic acid are useful as plasticizers or as part of a plasticizer composition for polymers. A process for the production thereof, plasticizer compositions containing the tetraisopentyl esters of butanetetracarboxylic acid, and plastics compositions containing the tetraisopentyl esters of butanetetracarboxylic acid are also provided.

Abstract: A refrigerant scroll compressor for a motor vehicle air conditioning system having a fixed scroll, a orbiting scroll engaging with the fixed scroll, wherein the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll cooperate to compress a refrigerant gas. An intermediate pressure chamber is disposed adjacent the orbiting scroll, an oil return duct provides fluid communication between the intermediate pressure chamber and a high pressure area of the refrigerant scroll compressor, and at least one intermediate pressure duct is formed in one of the orbiting scroll and fixed scroll and is in fluid communication with the intermediate pressure chamber.

Abstract: Improved gas leak detection from moving platforms is provided. Automatic horizontal spatial scale analysis can be performed in order to distinguish a leak from background levels of the measured gas. Source identification can be provided by using isotopic ratios and/or chemical tracers to distinguish gas leaks from other sources of the measured gas. Multi-point measurements combined with spatial analysis of the multi-point measurement results can provide leak source distance estimates. These methods can be practiced individually or in any combination.

Abstract: An ester mixture of dianhydrohexitol, a composition comprising the ester mixture and a polymer composition comprising the ester mixture or the composition, the use thereof, and a process by which the ester mixture can be prepared, where the ester mixture has a mean chain length of (8.3) to (9.2).

Abstract: An ester mixture of dianhydrohexitol, a composition comprising the ester mixture and a polymer composition comprising the ester mixture or the composition, the use thereof, and a process by which the ester mixture can be prepared, where the proportion of C8 based on the sum of C8 and C10 in the overall ester mixture is 45 mol % to 85 mol %.

Abstract: Improved gas leak detection from moving platforms is provided. Automatic horizontal spatial scale analysis can be performed in order to distinguish a leak from background levels of the measured gas. Source identification can be provided by using isotopic ratios and/or chemical tracers to distinguish gas leaks from other sources of the measured gas. Multi-point measurements combined with spatial analysis of the multi-point measurement results can provide leak source distance estimates. These methods can be practiced individually or in any combination.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of heptyl esters of furan dicarboxylic acid as softeners.

Abstract: The invention concerns an isononyl ester mixture of an epoxidized fatty acid mixture, the fatty acid mixture having been obtained from a vegetable oil, the fraction of saturated fatty acids in the isononyl ester mixture being below the fraction of saturated fatty acids in the vegetable oil from which the fatty acids have been obtained.

Abstract: A refrigerant scroll compressor for a motor vehicle air conditioning system having a fixed scroll, a orbiting scroll engaging with the fixed scroll, wherein the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll cooperate to compress a refrigerant gas. An intermediate pressure chamber is disposed adjacent the orbiting scroll, an oil return duct provides fluid communication between the intermediate pressure chamber and a high pressure area of the refrigerant scroll compressor, and at least one intermediate pressure duct is formed in one of the orbiting scroll and fixed scroll and is in fluid communication with the intermediate pressure chamber.

Abstract: An ester mixture of dianhydrohexitol, a composition comprising the ester mixture and a polymer composition comprising the ester mixture or the composition, the use thereof, and a process by which the ester mixture can be prepared, where the ester mixture has a mean chain length of (8.3) to (9.2).

Abstract: An ester mixture of dianhydrohexitol, a composition comprising the ester mixture and a polymer composition comprising the ester mixture or the composition, the use thereof, and a process by which the ester mixture can be prepared, where the proportion of C8 based on the sum of C8 and C10 in the overall ester mixture is 45 mol % to 85 mol %.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of heptyl esters of furan dicarboxylic acid as softeners.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming shaped bodies from a thermoplastic film has a stationary support, a downwardly directed upper tool fixed on the support, means for feeding the film in a transport direction in steps underneath the upper tool, a lower shaft pivotal in support below the traverse, a frame carried on the shaft and pivotal therewith about an axis of the shaft, an upwardly directed lower tool shiftable on the frame toward and away from the axis, a pair of arms extending radially from the shaft, a link extending between one of the arms and the lower tool, and a crank drive element. A connecting rod extends between the other of the arms and the crank drive element. A stationary cam adjacent the frame has a nonstraight cam formation, and a cam follower on the tool engages the cam formation. A drive rotates the crank drive element.

Abstract: A thermoshaping machine has a movable die operated by a linkage and an actuator having a transmission fixed on the machine, operatively connected to the linkage, and having a transmission flange. A motor has a motor flange spaced along an axis from the transmission flange. The flanges are each formed centered on the axis with a respective circular array of holes, and each hole of the transmission flange is aligned axially with a respective hole of the transmission flange. Respective guide rods have outer ends fixed in the holes of one of the flanges and inner ends extending axially through the holes of the other flange. Respective elastically compressible biasing elements are braced axially between each of the inner ends and the other flange.

Abstract: A process for preparing benzoic esters whose alkoxy groups have from 7 to 13 carbon atoms by reacting benzoic acid with at least one alcohol having from 7 to 13 carbon atoms, the water of reaction formed being removed during the esterification reaction by distillation, and the alcohol not converted in the esterification reaction being removed after the esterification reaction, in which the reaction takes place in the presence of a tin(II) compound as catalyst and, without treatment with a base, the catalyst and/or its derivatives is/are separated off by filtering or by centrifuging from the reaction mixture which remains after the unconverted alcohol has been separated off.

Abstract: A thermoshaping machine has a movable die operated by a linkage and an actuator having a transmission fixed on the machine, operatively connected to the linkage, and having a transmission flange. A motor has a motor flange spaced along an axis from the transmission flange. The flanges are each formed centered on the axis with a respective circular array of holes, and each hole of the transmission flange is aligned axially with a respective hole of the transmission flange. Respective guide rods have outer ends fixed in the holes of one of the flanges and inner ends extending axially through the holes of the other flange. Respective elastically compressible biasing elements are braced axially between each of the inner ends and the other flange.

Abstract: A tripentyl citrate having an optionally acylated, preferably acetylated, OH group, a process for making the tripentyl citrate, and the use of the tripentyl citrate as a plasticizer for plastics.

Abstract: A process for preparing benzoic esters whose alkoxy groups have from 7 to 13 carbon atoms by reacting benzoic acid with at least one alcohol having from 7 to 13 carbon atoms, the water of reaction formed being removed during the esterification reaction by distillation, and the alcohol not converted in the esterification reaction being removed after the esterification reaction, in which the reaction takes place in the presence of a tin(II) compound as catalyst and, without treatment with a base, the catalyst and/or its derivatives is/are separated off by filtering or by centrifuging from the reaction mixture which remains after the unconverted alcohol has been separated off.

Abstract: A tripentyl citrate having an optionally acylated, preferably acetylated, OH group, a process for making the tripentyl citrate, and the use of the tripentyl citrate as a plasticizer for plastics.