Abstract: The encoder comprises a rotor formed from a disc and a window-containing ring surrounding the disc periphery and able to undergo adjustment movements with respect to the disc. The encoder also comprises reading units formed from a light emitting diode, a window-containing screen and a phototransistor. The screens of these units can also undergo adjustment movements in order to obtain suitable phase differences between the signals emitted by the phototransistors.

Abstract: A small size waveguide switch having a stationary body with four mutually perpendicular sides and a port on each side. A rotor is mounted on the body and has two coupling arc-shaped symmetrical channels, along with a mechanism for alternately bringing the rotor to two switching positions where the channels of the rotor differently connect in pairs the ports. The driving mechanism is a d.c. motor consisting of a permanent magnet coupled to one end of the rotor, and a toroidal stator associated with the stationary body and having polar shoes and energizing coils supplied with a direct current with the direction being set by the status of optoelectronic devices.

Abstract: Miniaturized precision speed gyroscope having high stability in time and as the temperature varies and suitable to withstand impacts. Such a gyroscope comprises a motor, the connections of which to the motor windings are provided with connectors, the bushings of which are within the shaft and the pins of which are in the set screws of the shaft. The differential transformer of the gyroscope has only one coil for each of the poles, is provided with a damping device with four crossing plates overlying four holes for adjusting the aperture thereof. The gyroscope contains a silicone liquid, in which three air bells enclosed within three resilient silver caps are immersed.