Abstract: A liquid reductant dosing module for a combustion exhaust treatment system is disclosed comprising: (a) an enclosed reservoir comprising a top, a bottom, one or more sides, an inlet, and an outlet; (b) a heater disposed in the reservoir; (c) a filter element disposed between the outlet and the liquid reductant in the reservoir; and (d) a heat sink member in thermal contact with the heater, disposed between the filter element and the outlet.

Abstract: An in-game interface for a music video game includes one or more feedback mechanisms configured to provide feedback to a player relating to the player's performance of the music video game. A compare module compares the player's performance with a reference performance provided by the music video game. A performance evaluation module determines the performance feedback to be presented to the player while the player performs the musical composition. In some embodiments, the player's pitch and rhythm are compared against a reference pitch and rhythm. If the player's pitch and rhythm matches the reference pitch and rhythm to within a predetermined target range, then the performance feedback is positive. Otherwise, the performance feedback is negative.

Abstract: In a music video game, a player's performance is digitally sampled while the player performs a musical composition. The player's performance is compared with a reference performance of the musical composition provided by the music video game. Performance feedback is presented to the player based on the results of the comparison. In some embodiments, sample times associated with digital samples of the player's live vocal performance are compared against timestamps of data records embedded or otherwise accompanying the reference performance audio track. Pitch and rhythm information is retrieved from the data record having a timestamp that most closely matches the sample time of interest. The pitch and rhythm data is used to compute pitch and rhythm errors, which are used to generate performance evaluation data. The performance evaluation data is used to present performance feedback to the player while the player is performing the musical composition.

Abstract: A music video game includes a vocal training system and method with flexible performance evaluation criteria. The player is presented with an in-game interface including one or more feedback mechanisms configured to provide feedback to a player relating to the player's performance of the music video game. A compare module compares the player's performance with a reference performance provided by the music video game. A performance evaluation module determines the performance feedback to be presented to the player while the player performs the musical composition. In some embodiments, the player's pitch and rhythm are compared against a reference pitch and rhythm. If the player's pitch and rhythm matches the reference pitch and rhythm to within a predetermined target range, then the performance feedback is positive. Otherwise, the performance feedback is negative. In some embodiments, the target range can be adjusted based on the difficulty of the song and/or a player profile.

Abstract: An in-game interface for a music video game includes one or more feedback mechanisms configured to provide feedback to a player relating to the player's performance of the music video game. A compare module compares the player's performance with a reference performance provided by the music video game. A performance evaluation module determines the performance feedback to be presented to the player while the player performs the musical composition. In some embodiments, the player's pitch and rhythm are compared against a reference pitch and rhythm. If the player's pitch and rhythm matches the reference pitch and rhythm to within a predetermined target range, then the performance feedback is positive. Otherwise, the performance feedback is negative.

Abstract: In a music video game, a player's performance is digitally sampled while the player performs a musical composition. The player's performance is compared with a reference performance of the musical composition provided by the music video game. Performance feedback is presented to the player based on the results of the comparison. In some embodiments, sample times associated with digital samples of the player's live vocal performance are compared against timestamps of data records embedded or otherwise accompanying the reference performance audio track. Pitch and rhythm information is retrieved from the data record having a timestamp that most closely matches the sample time of interest. The pitch and rhythm data is used to compute pitch and rhythm errors, which are used to generate performance evaluation data. The performance evaluation data is used to present performance feedback to the player while the player is performing the musical composition.