Abstract: Component A: a carboxymethyl cellulose having a degree of carboxymethyl substitution per anhydroglucose unit of 0.45 or more or a salt thereof and Component B: a saturated carboxylic acid having 6 or less carbon atoms or a salt thereof are contained.

Abstract: A working apparatus for a work being conveyed wherein a movable base is provided alongside of a conveyor conveying a plate-like workpiece mounted on a carrier in such a manner that the workpiece is held in an upright posture with its side surfaces facing sideward, the movable base being movable in the longitudinal direction in which the workpiece is conveyed, and a robot mounted on the movable base is used to apply predetermined working to the workpiece being conveyed by the conveyor. A clamping device for clamping the carrier is provided on the movable base and operated by signals from a detecting device that detects the carrier. A positioning mechanism is also provided on the movable base, for positioning the workpiece on the carrier in three orthogonal directions with respect to the movable base and holding the workpiece in that position.

Abstract: A coil section for being excited by a primary ac signal and producing a secondary output signal is provided on the open end side of a bag-cylinder main body. A material consisting of such substance and having such configuration that bring about reluctance change of a magnetic circuit passing through the coil section in accordance with displacement of a piston rod of the bag-cylinder is provided in a predetermined pattern about the piston rod. In a detection circuit, position detection data representing the position of the piston rod is obtained in response to the secondary output signal from the coil section. In a position establishing circuit, stop position data representing a desired position at which the piston rod should be stopped is established depending upon the diameter of a tire to be vulcanized.