Abstract: A method for inhibiting at least one of histone gene transcription and histone expression in a subject is provided.

Abstract: This invention provides for certain bridged and fused heterocyclic compounds of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester solvate or prodrug thereof wherein: L is: (II) and the other variables are defined herein; the inventive compounds are agonists of the G-protein coupled receptor 40 (GPR40, also known as free fatty acid receptor FFAR). This invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and the use of these compounds to regulate insulin levels in a mammal. The compounds may be used, for example in the prevention and treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and in the prevention and treatment of conditions related to Type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as insulin resistance, obesity and lipid disorders.

Abstract: This invention provides for certain pentafluorosulpholane-containing compounds of the formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate or prodrug thereof, wherein the variables are defined herein; the inventive compounds are agonists of the G-protein coupled receptor 40 (GPR40, also known as free fatty acid receptor FFAR). This invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and the use of these compounds to regulate insulin levels in a mammal. The compounds may be used, for example in the prevention and treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and in the prevention and treatment of conditions related to Type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as insulin resistance, obesity and lipid disorders.

Abstract: An efficient low pressure drop packing element for exchange columns is made up of a plurality of preformed vertical sheets, each having a plurality of inclined rows of adjacent relatively short inclined troughs including valleys and ridges extending between upper inlet edges and lower outlet drip edges and projecting alternately outwardly from one side and then the opposite side of the median plane of each sheet. The sheets are arranged so that the inclined rows of the troughs in adjacent sheets are oppositely inclined and in criss-crossing relation to the inclined rows of the adjacent sheet of the packing element causing frequent changes in direction of liquid flow and whereby the both sides of each sheet are more easily and uniformly wetted by the frequently diverted liquid flowing downwardly over the surface thereof.

Abstract: A randomly dumpable self orienting or orderly stackable hollow or cellular plastic packing elements of uniformly distributed high surface area and open cells comprised of adjacent first and second hollow triangular structures angularly displaced 60.degree. relative to one another about a central axis each including inclined structural side members connected together at apexes of the triangular structure and at crossing portions of the inclined structural members of the first and second triangular structure. Each of the inclined structural side members of each triangular structure is connected to a radial structural member of a Y-shape structure located on the adjacent outer side of each of the first and second triangular structures and interconnected by a central hub about the central axis of the packing element.