Abstract: Provided are an aluminium alloy and a manufacturing method thereof. In the method, aluminium and a magnesium (Mg) master alloy containing a calcium (Ca)-based compound are provided. A melt is prepared, in which the Mg master alloy and the Al are melted. The aluminum alloy may be manufactured by casting the melt.

Abstract: A photolithography process facility comprising a substrate treating apparatus, the substrate treating apparatus includes a temperature control plate controlling a temperature a substrate, a central supporter having a pin shape vertically penetrating the temperature control plate and supporting a central region of substrate, and a collision preventer preventing a collision between the substrate and the temperature control plate.

Abstract: A method for forming an electrochromic layer pattern includes forming a transparent electrode layer and a photoresist layer on a transparent substrate, forming a photoresist pattern by laser interference lithography, and depositing an electrochromic layer pattern on the transparent electrode through openings defined by the photoresist pattern by depositing an electrochromic layer on a front surface of the substrate and then lifting up the photoresist pattern. An insulation layer may be further formed between the transparent layer and the photoresist layer. Here, the electrochromic layer may be formed after an insulation layer pattern is formed using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask. In this case, the electrochromic layer pattern is formed in openings defined by the insulation layer pattern. As a result, a contact surface area between the electrochromic layer pattern and the ion conductive layer is increased to ensure a rapid response speed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light emitting diode (LED) device that comprises a crystal structure of a sapphire substrate-free gallium nitride (GaN) LED, wherein the crystal structure is mounted on a first surface of a sub-mount substrate in the form of a unit chip, and the first surface of the sub-mount substrate has a surface area greater than the surface area of a region in which the unit chip is bonded. Preforms for manufacturing the LED device and a method for manufacturing the LED device are also disclosed. The sapphire substrate, on which the crystal structure of the light emitting diode has grown, is processed into a unit chip before being removed. Thus, any crack in the crystal structure of the light emitting diode that may occur during the removal of the sapphire substrate can be prevented. Therefore, a thin light emitting diode device can be manufactured in a mass production system.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a keyboard comprising light emitting devices, each respectively disposed below a key to lighten the top surface of the key; and a micro controller unit transmitting signals generated by each key to the computer, having switches for controlling the light emitting devices, and controlling switches according to signals transmitted from the computer, and a method of selecting the colors of the keys of the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides long-fiber reinforced polypropylene compositions comprising: (a) about 29-77 wt % of a crystalline polypropylene resin comprising about 50-100 wt % of a propylene homopolymer; (b) about 20-50 wt % of a long-fiber reinforcing material having an average fiber length of about 3-50 mm and an average diameter of about 4-30 ?m; (c) about 2-20 wt % of an elastomer, a plastomer, or a mixture thereof having a melt index as measured at 190° C. of about 20-150 g/10 min, wherein said elastomer, plastomer, or mixture thereof was polymerized by a metallocene-based catalyst; and (d) about 0.01-3 wt % of a radical initiator, wherein the ratio of the melt index as measured at 230° C. of the crystalline polypropylene resin to the melt index as measured at 190° C. of the elastomer, the plastomer, or the mixture thereof is in the range of about 0.5 to about 10.

Abstract: A chuck assembly for high density plasma equipment includes: a chuck having an upper surface and a plurality of pin holes formed in an outer peripheral portion, wherein the chuck upper surface is configured to receive a semiconductor substrate thereon; a substrate guide disposed on an outer surface of the chuck, wherein the substrate guide is configured to prevent a semiconductor substrate positioned on the upper surface of the chuck from being separated from the chuck; a fixing plate disposed at a lower portion of the chuck; a plurality of lift pins secured to the fixing plate and extending in an upward direction from the fixing plate so that each lift pin is inserted into a respective one of the pin holes, wherein each lift pin has an upper surface that extends to a position adjacent to the upper surface of the chuck; and a chuck lifter penetrating the fixing plate and engaged with a lower portion of the chuck, wherein the chuck lifter is configured to move the chuck upward and downward.

Abstract: A developing-transferring module includes a sub frame which is detachably mounted to a main frame, a plurality of photosensitive units which are disposed inside the sub frame with a predetermined interval and includes a photosensitive body to which a developer is attached, and a intermediate transferring unit which are provided inside the sub frame disposed opposite the plurality of photosensitive units so that the developer of the photosensitive units can be primarily transferred thereto and secondarily transfers the primarily transferred developer to a record medium of the main frame.

Abstract: Batch-type deposition apparatus having a gland portion are provided. The apparatus include a reaction furnace, a gas nozzle located in the reaction furnace, a gas supply conduit located outside the reaction furnace and a gland portion for connecting the gas nozzle to the gas supply conduit. The gland portion includes a gas nozzle end extended from the gas nozzle toward an outside region of the reaction furnace and a gas supply conduit end extended from the gas supply conduit. The gas nozzle end is connected to the gas supply conduit end through a buffer member. The buffer member has an inclined inner wall for connecting an inner wall of the gas nozzle end to that of the gas supply conduit end.

Abstract: A color image forming system including a photosensitive drum, a charger which charges the photosensitive drum, and a laser scanning unit which is installed below the photosensitive drum and radiates light onto the charged photosensitive drum, to form an electrostatic latent image. The system further includes a plurality of developing units with toner of at least four colors such as yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, arranged at different heights along the outer surface of the photosensitive drum to develop the electrostatic latent image with the toner when a developing roller installed in each of the developing units is maintained at a developing gap with the photosensitive drum. A transfer unit transfers the developed image onto a piece of paper, and a fusing unit is installed above the photosensitive drum and fuses the transferred image onto the piece of paper. The developing units may be arranged in the order of magenta, cyan, yellow, and black.

Abstract: Disclosed is an LED device, a method for manufacturing the same, and a light emitting apparatus having the same. The LED device includes (a) a light emitting diode unit and (b) an adjustment layer laminated on a light emitting surface of the light emitting diode unit, a fine pattern having being formed on the adjustment layer by repeating a shape in a light emission direction. The adjustment layer is (i) at least one layer formed by aligning transparency adjustment particles having a shape or (ii) a polymer film layer having a fine pattern imprinted on the polymer film layer so as to adjust transparency. A fine pattern adjustment layer having various shapes and an adjustable size is introduced on the light emitting surface of the LED unit. As a result, the light extraction efficiency of the surface of the LED unit improves together with ease of manufacturing and secured uniformity.

Abstract: A color image forming system including a photosensitive drum, a charger which charges the photosensitive drum, and a laser scanning unit which is installed below the photosensitive drum and radiates light onto the charged photosensitive drum, to form an electrostatic latent image. The system further includes a plurality of developing units with toner of at least four colors such as yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, arranged at different heights along the outer surface of the photosensitive drum to develop the electrostatic latent image with the toner when a developing roller installed in each of the developing units is maintained at a developing gap with the photosensitive drum. A transfer unit transfers the developed image onto a piece of paper, and a fusing unit is installed above the photosensitive drum and fuses the transferred image onto the piece of paper. The developing units may be arranged in the order of magenta, cyan, yellow, and black.

Abstract: Batch-type deposition apparatus having a gland portion are provided. The apparatus include a reaction furnace, a gas nozzle located in the reaction furnace, a gas supply conduit located outside the reaction furnace and a gland portion for connecting the gas nozzle to the gas supply conduit. The gland portion includes a gas nozzle end extended from the gas nozzle toward an outside region of the reaction furnace and a gas supply conduit end extended from the gas supply conduit. The gas nozzle end is connected to the gas supply conduit end through a buffer member. The buffer member has an inclined inner wall for connecting an inner wall of the gas nozzle end to that of the gas supply conduit end.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus includes a photoreceptor medium, an exposing unit, a plurality of developer units, and a power supply. The exposing unit scans light onto the photoreceptor drum to form a latent electrostatic image. The plurality of developer units include developer rollers supplying toner to the latent electrostatic image to develop the latent electrostatic image into a toner image. Each developer unit contains toner of a different color, and the developer units are arranged around the photoreceptor medium so that the developer rollers are separated by a development gap from the photoreceptor medium. The power supply selectively applies a first bias allowing toner to be supplied through the development gap to the photoreceptor medium on which the latent electrostatic image is formed and a second bias preventing toner from passing through the development gap.

Abstract: A laser scanning unit and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus adopting the same include a plurality of photogenerators emitting parallel lights, a plurality of rotatable polygonal mirrors which deflect the lights emitted from the photogenerators in a main scanning direction having a range of a predetermined angle to scan the lights onto photosensitive media proceeding in a sub scanning direction, the rotatable polygonal mirrors stacked on a driving unit to match corresponding ones of the photogenerators and coupled with a rotation shaft of the driving unit to rotate therewith, a plurality of first lenses which are installed in light paths between the photogenerators and the rotatable polygonal mirrors, respectively, and collect the lights in the sub scanning direction, and a plurality of second lenses which collect the lights deflected by the rotatable polygonal mirrors on corresponding ones of the photosensitive media.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus includes a photoreceptor medium, an exposing unit, a plurality of developer units, and a power supply. The exposing unit scans light onto the photoreceptor drum to form a latent electrostatic image. The plurality of developer units include developer rollers supplying toner to the latent electrostatic image to develop the latent electrostatic image into a toner image. Each developer unit contains toner of a different color, and the developer units are arranged around the photoreceptor medium so that the developer rollers are separated by a development gap from the photoreceptor medium. The power supply selectively applies a first bias allowing toner to be supplied through the development gap to the photoreceptor medium on which the latent electrostatic image is formed and a second bias preventing toner from passing through the development gap.

Abstract: A laser scanning unit and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus adopting the same include a plurality of photogenerators emitting parallel lights, a plurality of rotatable polygonal mirrors which deflect the lights emitted from the photogenerators in a main scanning direction having a range of a predetermined angle to scan the lights onto photosensitive media proceeding in a sub scanning direction, the rotatable polygonal mirrors stacked on a driving unit to match corresponding ones of the photogenerators and coupled with a rotation shaft of the driving unit to rotate therewith, a plurality of first lenses which are installed in light paths between the photogenerators and the rotatable polygonal mirrors, respectively, and collect the lights in the sub scanning direction, and a plurality of second lenses which collect the lights deflected by the rotatable polygonal mirrors on corresponding ones of the photosensitive media.

Abstract: A color image forming system including a photosensitive drum, a charger which charges the photosensitive drum, and a laser scanning unit which is installed below the photosensitive drum and radiates light onto the charged photosensitive drum, to form an electrostatic latent image. The system further includes a plurality of developing units with toner of at least four colors such as yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, arranged at different heights along the outer surface of the photosensitive drum to develop the electrostatic latent image with the toner when a developing roller installed in each of the developing units is maintained at a developing gap with the photosensitive drum. A transfer unit transfers the developed image onto a piece of paper, and a fusing unit is installed above the photosensitive drum and fuses the transferred image onto the piece of paper. The developing units may be arranged in the order of magenta, cyan, yellow, and black.

Abstract: A connector-type optical transceiver includes optical devices, a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) optical waveguide and a silicon bench whose upper surface is provided with a U-shaped recesses for receiving the optical devices and the SOI optical waveguide, while being aligned to form optical paths. The SOI optical waveguide includes a silicon substrate, a single crystalline silicon layer whose upper surface is provided with waveguide portions, and a silica thin layer interposed between the silicon substrate and the single crystalline silicon layer to prevent light passing through the waveguide portions from being diffused. The silicon bench has v-shaped grooves extending longitudinally along the silicon bench and receives guide pins adapted to guide an external connecting terminal to be connected to the silicon bench.

Abstract: A jig for the batch production of optical communication apparatuses includes a jig body whose upper surface is provided with a plurality of U-shaped recesses arranged in a matrix array to receive silicon bases each carrying optical devices and a plurality of vacuum holes vertically formed through the jig body, to communication with the respective bottom surfaces of the U-shaped recesses. The silicon bases received by the U-shaped recesses are held onto the bottom surfaces thereof when a vacuum is applied thereto through the vacuum holes. A method using the jig enables batch production by simultaneously processing many silicon bases.