Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a thin film transistor and a manufacturing method of a display panel, and include forming a gate line including a gate electrode on a substrate, forming a gate insulating layer on the gate electrode, forming an intrinsic semiconductor on the gate insulating layer, forming an extrinsic semiconductor on the intrinsic semiconductor, forming a data line including a source electrode and a drain electrode on the extrinsic semiconductor, and plasma-treating a portion of the extrinsic semiconductor between the source electrode and the drain electrode to form a protection member and ohmic contacts on respective sides of the protection member. Accordingly, the process for etching the extrinsic semiconductor and forming an inorganic insulating layer for protecting the intrinsic semiconductor may be omitted such that the manufacturing process of the display panel may be simplified, manufacturing cost may be reduced, and productivity may be improved.

Abstract: To measure the distance to points on an object by radiating a periodic amplitude-modulated optical signal to the object and detecting the phase difference between the radiated optical signal and a reflected optical signal from the object, a first photo-detection control signal is generated to control the radiation of the optical signal. A mask signal is generated such that the mask signal is activated at least during a shuttering duration for resetting the voltage level at a sensing node (associated with an operation of a previous frame). A second photo-detection control signal is generated based on the first photo-detection signal and the mask signal such that the second photo-detection signal is deactivated or masked at least during the shuttering duration.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of preparing a radioisotope nanostructure having a ligand-metal framework, and a radioisotope nanostructure prepared thereby. The method of preparing the radioisotope nanostructure of the invention has a simple preparation process and can thus be applied to mass production of a radioisotope nanostructure. Also, because this radioisotope nanostructure is nano-sized spherical particles and has no reactive group, it can be easily dispersed in a fluid, and this nanostructure is physically and chemically stable and thus can be utilized as a radioisotope tracer in the fields of refineries, chemistry, cement, agriculture, water resources, marine, etc. Furthermore, this nanostructure can be used for diagnosis and/or treatment in medical fields, and can be applied to checking whether a nanomaterial is harmful. In addition, this nanostructure is expected to be applicable in a variety of fields using radioisotopes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display substrate includes forming a first metallic pattern including gate and storage conductors and a gate electrode of a switching device on a base substrate, forming a gate insulation layer, forming a second metallic pattern and a channel portion including a source line, source and drain electrodes of the switching device, forming a passivation layer and a photoresist film on the second metallic pattern, patterning the photoresist film to form a first pattern portion corresponding to the gate and source conductors and the switching device, and a second pattern portion formed on the storage line, etching the passivation layer and the gate insulation layer, and forming a pixel electrode using the first pattern portion.

Abstract: The method includes generating coded bits by encoding information bits, dividing the coded bits into a first bit-stream and a second bit-stream, generating a first data symbol by performing anti-gray mapping on the first bit-stream, generating a second data symbol by performing gray mapping on the second bit-stream, and transmitting the first data symbol and the second data symbol.

Abstract: A method of selecting a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index in a wireless communication system is disclosed. More specifically, the method includes measuring a frequency selectivity of a receiving channel, selecting a MCS index having a coding rate below a prescribed coding rate threshold value if the measured frequency selectivity is greater than or equal to a specified frequency selectivity threshold, and selecting the MCS index having the coding rate above or equal to the prescribed coding rate threshold value if the measured frequency selectivity is less than the specified frequency selectivity threshold.

Abstract: A pixel and pixel array for use in an image sensor are provided. The image sensor includes floating sensing nodes symmetrically arranged with respect to a photodiode in each pixel.

Abstract: A method for transmitting control information in a wireless communication system is provided. A codeword is generated by performing forward error correction (FEC) encoding on control information to generate. An interleaved code is generated by interleaving the codeword. A combined code is generated by combining the codeword and the interleaved code. A transport block is generated by repeating the combined code and is transmitted.

Abstract: An adaptive resource partitioning method includes: selecting a predefined pattern-based partitioning method or an informed map-based partitioning method according to the number of channels used for resource allocation, data characteristics, and a channel environment variation, if the predefined pattern scheme is selected, selecting any of predefined patterns, partitioning distributed and localized resource allocation areas according to the selected pattern, and transmitting a pattern index of the selected pattern to a terminal, and if the informed map scheme is selected, partitioning distributed and localized resource allocation areas according to an arbitrary pattern, and transmitting bitmap control information indicating information of the partitioned areas to the terminal.

Abstract: An interleaver provision method for providing a continuous length, an interleaving method, and a turbo-encoder thereof are disclosed. The interleaving method selects a basic interleaver having a proper length from among the basic interleaver set, which is predetermined to have the length represented by a multiple of the ARP fluctuation vector period. The interleaving method performs the dummy insertion and the pruning process to have the length acting as the basic-interleaver length, so that it can provide the ARP interleaver having a continuous length.

Abstract: A 3D image sensor includes a depth pixel that includes; a photo detector generating photo-charge, first and second floating diffusion regions, a first transfer transistor transferring photo-charge to the first floating diffusion region during a first transfer period in response to a first transfer gate signal, a second transfer transistor transferring photo-charge to the second floating diffusion region during a second transfer period in response to a second transfer gate signal, and an overflow transistor that discharges surplus photo-charge in response to a drive gate signal. Control logic unit controlling operation of the depth pixel includes a first logic element providing the first transfer gate signal, a second logic element providing the second transfer gate signal, and another logic element providing the drive gate signal to the overflow transistor when the first transfer period overlaps, at least in part, the second transfer period.

Abstract: A transmitter for reducing time selectivity and/or frequency selectivity in a wireless communication system includes a plurality of transmit antennas, a phase shifter which is disposed for each transmit antenna and is configured to shift a phase of data transmitted through the transmit antenna by a phase shift value, and a channel selectivity processor configured to obtain the phase shift value by using a channel phase value fed back from a receiver.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a received signal, method thereof, and mapping rule selecting method are disclosed, by which radio communications can be smoothly carried out in a receiving terminal (200) receiving signals via at least two antennas (201a) in a manner of estimating data accurately. The present invention includes performing transmission according to an adaptively decided mapping rule and demapping on a symbol signal received via the plurality of antennas (201a), extracting reliability information for bit signal obtained from the demapping, and re-performing the demapping on the symbol signal received via the plurality of antennas (201 a) using the reliability information.

Abstract: A method for transmitting signals for achieving diversity gain is provided. In a communication system having multiple independent transmission paths, a signal is transmitted by mapping it to different independent transmission paths at initial transmission and at retransmission, thereby obtaining diversity gain. Especially, real and ideal components of a transmission signal are mapped to different transmission paths, thereby obtaining additional gain.

Abstract: A solar cell includes a semiconductor substrate, a first intrinsic semiconductor layer and a second intrinsic semiconductor layer on the semiconductor substrate, the first intrinsic semiconductor layer and the second intrinsic semiconductor layer being spaced apart from each other, a first conductive semiconductor layer and a second conductive semiconductor layer respectively disposed on the first intrinsic semiconductor layer and the second intrinsic semiconductor layer, and a first electrode and a second electrode, each including a bottom layer on the first conductive semiconductor layer and the second conductive semiconductor layer, respectively, the bottom layer including a transparent conductive oxide, and an intermediate layer on the bottom layer, the intermediate layer being including copper.

Abstract: A solar cell including a crystalline semiconductor substrate having a first conductive type; a first doping layer on a front surface of the substrate and being doped with a first conductive type impurity; a front surface antireflection film on the front surface of the substrate; a back surface antireflection film on a back surface of the substrate; an intrinsic semiconductor layer, an emitter, and a first auxiliary electrode stacked on the back surface antireflection film and the substrate; a second doping layer on the back surface of the substrate and being doped with the first impurity; an insulating film on the substrate and including an opening overlying the second doping layer; a second auxiliary electrode in the opening and overlying the second doping layer; a first electrode on the first auxiliary electrode; and a second electrode on the second auxiliary electrode and being separated from the first electrode.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the device includes i) a semiconductor substrate, ii) a first conductive semiconductor layer formed on a first region of the semiconductor substrate and iii) a first transparent conductive layer formed on the first conductive semiconductor layer. The device may further include i) a second conductive semiconductor layer formed on a second region of the semiconductor substrate, ii) a second transparent conductive layer formed on the second conductive semiconductor layer and iii) a gap passivation layer interposed between i) the first layers and ii) the second layers, wherein the gap passivation layer has a thickness greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the first layers.

Abstract: A data rate matching method is disclosed. More particularly, a rate matching method using at least two parameters is disclosed. The rate matching method includes selecting bits from an input bitstream using a primary-indication parameter for selecting at least one bit and a secondary indication parameter for canceling the selection using the primary indication parameter or additionally selecting unselected bits, and processing the selected bits according to a rate matching mode so as to generate an output bitstream. By using the rate matching method, highspeed processing is realized by a simple calculation and the locations of target bits can be efficiently decided using at least two indication parameters. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce a calculation amount or improve performance.

Abstract: A method of performing interleaving and a data transmission apparatus are disclosed, in which interleaving is performed for input data streams using bit reverse ordering (BRO) operation. A method of performing interleaving for input data streams comprises writing respective bits of the input data stream in a row direction of a memory matrix in accordance with the input order, performing row permutation for index of each row of the memory matrix using an R-bit (R is an integer) bit reverse ordering (BRO) operation, performing pruning for a row which satisfies a given condition, performing column permutation using BRO operation for index of each column of the memory matrix, and reading to output each bit in a column direction of the memory matrix where the column permutation has been performed.

Abstract: A method of encoding input data using a low density parity check (LDPC) code or decoding the encoded data is disclosed. Each index of a model matrix is expanded to an index matrix which includes two or more indexes. Each index included in the index matrix indicates a specific sub-matrix, and can be replaced with a corresponding sub-matrix to generate a parity check matrix.