Abstract: The federated learning system includes a moderator and client devices. Each client device performs a method for verifying model update as follows: receiving a hash function and a general model; training a client model according to the general model and raw data; calculating a difference as an update parameter between the general model and the client model, sending the update parameter to the moderator; inputting the update parameter to the hash function to generate a hash value; sending the hash value to other client devices, and receiving other hash values; summing all the hash values to generate a trust value; receiving an aggregation parameter calculated according to the update parameters; inputting the aggregation parameter to the hash function to generate a to-be-verified value; and updating the client model according to the aggregation parameter when the to-be-verified value equals the trust value.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) structure includes a substrate having several regions, several semiconductor devices formed at the substrate and respectively within the regions, and an ultra-deep (UD) trench isolation structure formed in the substrate. The substrate has a top surface and a bottom surface oppositely, and the UD trench isolation structure formed in the substrate surrounds peripheries of each of the regions for structurally and physically isolating the semiconductor devices within different regions. The UD trench isolation structure penetrates the substrate by extending from the top surface of the substrate to the bottom surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A portable computer device includes a host having a target member, a display device pivoted to the host, a pivot member pivoted to the display device, an optical device connected to the pivot member, and a driving device. The driving device is disposed on the display device and includes a circuit board electrically connected to the host and the optical device, an angle obtaining unit and a driving unit installed on the circuit board, and a processing unit installed on the circuit board and electrically connected to the driving unit and the angle obtaining unit. The angle obtaining unit is for obtaining an included-angle information of the display device relative to the host. The driving unit is for driving the pivot member to rotate the optical device to point to the target member or a user's face according to the included-angle information.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes a main body, a battery, and a battery fixing mechanism including a button disposed through a button hole of the main body, first and second rod members, a first linkage rod pivoted to the first rod member and disposed in an oblique slot of the button, first and second transverse elastic members, and a rail member having transverse, oblique, and incurve rails. When a protruding rod of the first rod member moves in the transverse, oblique, or incurve rail, the rail member moves longitudinally to make the first rod member move transversely to be engaged with or separated from a first fixing hole of the battery. The first and second transverse elastic members are respectively disposed on the first and second rod members. The second rod member abuts against the first rod member for pushing the first rod member when the button is pressed.

Abstract: A speaker module is capable of adjusting an outputting direction of an audio signal. The speaker module includes a base, a supporter, a speaker and a lifting mechanism. The supporter is disposed on the base. The speaker includes a speaker unit and an arm. The speaker unit is suspended above the base for generating the audio signal. A first end of the arm is connected to a lateral side of the speaker unit, and a second end of the arm is movably disposed on the supporter. The lifting mechanism includes a first lifting component disposed on the speaker unit, a body disposed on the base, and a second lifting component disposed on the body. The second lifting component can adjust a height of the first lifting component, so as to rotate the speaker unit relative to the supporter.

Abstract: A portable computer device includes a host having a target member, a display device pivoted to the host, a pivot member pivoted to the display device, an optical device connected to the pivot member, and a driving device. The driving device is disposed on the display device and includes a circuit board electrically connected to the host and the optical device, an angle obtaining unit and a driving unit installed on the circuit board, and a processing unit installed on the circuit board and electrically connected to the driving unit and the angle obtaining unit. The angle obtaining unit is for obtaining an included-angle information of the display device relative to the host. The driving unit is for driving the pivot member to rotate the optical device to point to the target member or a user's face according to the included-angle information.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes a main body, a battery, and a battery fixing mechanism including a button disposed through a button hole of the main body, first and second rod members, a first linkage rod pivoted to the first rod member and disposed in an oblique slot of the button, first and second transverse elastic members, and a rail member having transverse, oblique, and incurve rails. When a protruding rod of the first rod member moves in the transverse, oblique, or incurve rail, the rail member moves longitudinally to make the first rod member move transversely to be engaged with or separated from a first fixing hole of the battery. The first and second transverse elastic members are respectively disposed on the first and second rod members. The second rod member abuts against the first rod member for pushing the first rod member when the button is pressed.

Abstract: A speaker module capable of adjusting an outputting direction of an audio signal is disclosed in the present invention. The speaker module includes a base, a supporter, a speaker and a lifting mechanism. The supporter is disposed on the base. The speaker includes a speaker unit and an arm. The speaker unit is suspended above the base for generating the audio signal. A first end of the arm is connected to a lateral side of the speaker unit, and a second end of the arm is movably disposed on the supporter. The lifting mechanism includes a first lifting component disposed on the speaker unit, a body disposed on the base, and a second lifting component disposed on the body. The second lifting component can adjust a height of the first lifting component, so as to rotate the speaker unit relative to the supporter.

Abstract: A battery testing system with energy circulation includes a battery module to be tested, an electric power storage module, a bi-directional conversion module and a control module, and the control module controls the bi-directional conversion module to discharge the electric power storage module and charge the battery module to be tested, or discharge the battery module to be tested and charge the electric power storage module, so that the electricity can be fully and repeatedly used, and the electric power storage module can use a second-used power battery to save the cost of the electric power storage module while the battery testing system can be isolated from the grid of utility power to avoid creating a burden to the grid of the utility power.

Abstract: Disclosed is an extensive battery management system for a second-used application automobile use batteries. The extensive battery management system includes a process unit, a record unit, an input interface and an output interface. The record unit is connected to the process unit so that the former stores data from the latter. The input interface is connected to the process unit. The output interface is connected to the process unit.

Abstract: The invention provides a debugging method applicable for an embedded system. The system includes a processor, a main memory and a debugging interface. A debugging program is first provided in the main memory. A debugging interruption is subsequently triggered to cause the processor to read the debugging program from the main memory and execute the debugging program. After execution, an execution result of the debugging program is stored into the main memory. The execution result is read and output via the debugging interface for further analysis. Because the architecture does not require a scan chain of ITR 104, the circuit requirement is reduced while performance is increased.

Abstract: The invention provides a debugging method applicable for an embedded system. The system includes a processor, a main memory and a debugging interface. A debugging program is first provided in the main memory. A debugging interruption is subsequently triggered to cause the processor to read the debugging program from the main memory and execute the debugging program. After execution, an execution result of the debugging program is stored into the main memory. The execution result is read and output via the debugging interface for further analysis. Because the architecture does not require a scan chain of ITR 104, the circuit requirement is reduced while performance is increased.

Abstract: An encoding method for a very long instruction word (VLIW) DSP processor and decoding method thereof. The encoding method involves a plurality of first encoding portions and a plurality of second encoding portions. The first encoding portions and second encoding portions are complied from an instruction. The first encoding portions are sequentially arranged after an instruction package CAP, and the second encoding portions are sequentially arranged after the first encoding portions.