Abstract: When a packet data is transmitted, a sync pattern comprising ‘q’ words (‘q’=m+n) is added to the data. The ‘q’ words is formed by combining a fixed pattern comprising ‘m’ words (‘m’ is an integer greater than 0) with plural types of variable patterns each comprising ‘n’ words (‘n’ is an integer greater than 1). In this case, a bit structure included in at least two consecutive packets should include different types of variable patterns.

Abstract: A network management system is provided in which a transmission band for preceding access is guaranteed even when simultaneous access to shared data is obtained by plural nodes and which does not suffer any problem even in the case of accessing to data that requires real-timeness such as with video data. In order to guarantee an I/O band for a hard disc and a band for the network when simultaneous access by plural nodes to shared data is obtained, an access manager for controlling access bands is provided inside the system, which guarantees a transmission band for preceding access on the occasion of simultaneous access by plural nodes by making mode-of-access judgment, managing the network band and the hard disc I/O transmission band, and judging whether or not to approve the access based on whether or not the bands are saturated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a digital data transmission system comprising a transmission apparatus and a reception apparatus. The transmission apparatus generates error location information at which an error occurs in each block, in accordance with a data signal including a video signal composed of a first number of words and generated for each block, and an error information signal indicating presence or absence of an error corresponding to the data signal, multiplexes the generated error location information and the data signal into a multiplexed signal, and then, transmits the multiplexed signal through a transmission line.

Abstract: A transmitting method serializes two series of signals into one series of signals, and transmits thereof. The two series of signals are produced through this way: a total number of bits of a luminance signal of an HDTV signal to be transmitted within a frame is divided into units corresponding to a total number of scanning lines ‘K’ per frame of one channel of an SDTV signal. Then K pcs. of transmission units per frame including a luminance signal and a color signal are produced in two series. Among the transmission units, at least the following data are inserted into the units corresponding to active scanning lines: (a) a given word of the control signal, (b) a signal comprising samples of N timed by a number of words of luminance signal within a given period of one horizontal scanning period of the SDTV, which includes a luminance signal and color signal of the SDTV, and (c) words corresponding to a given level. A transmitter realizing this method is also provided.

Abstract: A remote control system for controlling an electronic device includes a remote controller and a remote control interface. The remote controller includes a memory for storing a plurality of control data respectively indicating the relationship between a plurality of control signals and functions of the electronic device corresponding to the plurality of control signals; a trigger signal transmitter for transmitting a trigger signal for causing the electronic device to transmit a response signal which is specific to the type of the electronic device; a receiver for receiving the response signal; and a control signal transmitter for selecting control data specific to the type of the electronic device from the plurality of control data based on the response signal, generating one of the control signals, and transmitting the generated control signal.

Abstract: A remote control system for controlling an electronic device includes a remote controller and a remote control interface. The remote controller includes a memory for storing a plurality of control data respectively indicating the relationship between a plurality of control signals and functions of the electronic device corresponding to the plurality of control signals; a trigger signal transmitter for transmitting a trigger signal for causing the electronic device to transmit a response signal which is specific to the type of the electronic device; a receiver for receiving the response signal; and a control signal transmitter for selecting control data specific to the type of the electronic device from the plurality of control data based on the response signal, generating one of the control signals, and transmitting the generated control signal.

Abstract: In the image detector according to the present invention, a signal processing block generates a video signal by processing a pickup image signal corresponding to an image of an object which is picked up by an image pickup block and a motion detection block detects variations per unit time of luminance or a color of a portion or a whole of an image formed on the basis of the video signal as character variables of the image. A character analyzing block divides the video signal generated by the signal processing block into signals at durations each having the same character variable of the image detected by a motion detection block, and adds, to each of the divided video signals, an importance degree determined according to the character variables of the image and a duration of the signal, thereby making it possible to save memory capacities, accelerate retrieval of pickup images and enhance utilization efficiencies of transmission systems for lessening loads.

Abstract: A diffraction grating has a reflection film formed on a photosensitive layer disposed on a substrate through exposure followed by development and the groove profile thus formed has a configuration distorted from a sinusoidal form because the sensitivity curve of the photosensitive layer is of the second order non-linearity to the exposure amount. With the groove pitch expressed by d, K=2 .pi./d, the coordinate perpendicular to the groove direction taken as x, and the groove profile .eta.(x) expressed as .eta.(x)=h [sin (Kx)+.gamma.sin (2Kz-90.degree.)], the parameters h, .gamma. and .phi. satisfy as follows:0.26.ltoreq.2h/d.ltoreq.0.520.05.ltoreq..gamma..ltoreq.0.32.The wavelength region to be used is normalized by the groove pitch d as 0.67.ltoreq..lambda./d.ltoreq.1.15. When an incident angle is expressed by .theta. and the first order Littrow angle is expressed by .theta..sub.L, the mount to be used is carried out in such a region that satisfies the following expression:.theta..sub.L -5.degree..ltoreq..

Abstract: Disclosed is a frequency stabilized light source including a semiconductor laser chip and a finite Fourier diffraction grating with a corrugated profile with a continuous first order differential coefficient. The laser chip emits the output light from its one facet into the diffraction grating with the diffracted light from the grating being fed back to the laser chip, so that the laser chip emits the output light with a stable wavelength from its another facet. The arrangement produces the output light with high frequency purity and high adjustment accuracy and yet wide frequency tunable range.