Abstract: A halogen lamp including a glass bulb, a filament inserted inside the bulb, a pair of metal foils, and a pair of outer leads. Each metal foil has one end welded to the filament and the other end welded to the outer lead. The metal foils are contained in glass sleeves and they are collectively inserted inside the bulb. The bulb is softened by heating and shrinks because its inside pressure is reduced to seal the metal foils therein. Since the amount of glass of each sealed portion is larger than the other portions of the bulb by the amount of the sleeve, the shape of the sealed portion is stabilized.

Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer includes a base plate made of insulating material, a stationary electrode formed on one side of the base plate and made of electrically conductive material, an annular support formed on the same side of the base plate and surrounding the stationary electrode, the annular support being made of the same electrically conductive material as the stationary electrode, and an electrically conductive diaphragm applied on the annular support.

Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer includes a base plate made of insulating material, a stationary electrode formed on one side of the base plate and made of electrically conductive material, an annular support formed on the same side of the base plate and surrounding the stationary electrode, the annular support being made of the same electrically conductive material as the stationary electrode, and an electrically conductive diaphragm applied on the annular support.

Abstract: A tape recorder which comprises; a capstan for driving a magnetic recording tape at a normal constant speed; a first motor for rotating the capstan, including a first rotor magnet, a first rotating shaft mounted to the first rotor magnet and the capstan coaxially, and a first stator coil for applying a rotating magnetic field to the first rotor magnet; a first reel for taking up the tape; a second motor for rotating the first reel, including a second rotor magnet, a second rotating shaft mounted to the second rotor magnet and the first reel coaxially, and a second stator coil for applying a rotating magnetic field to the second rotor magnet; a second reel for supplying the tape; a third motor for rotating the second reel, including a third rotor magnet, a third rotating shaft mounted to the third rotor magnet and the second reel coaxially, and a third stator coil for applying a rotating magnetic field to the third rotor magnet; an FG pattern for producing a signal which has a frequency in accordance with a ro