Abstract: Methods for fabricating a graphene nanoribbon array in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention can include the steps of depositing PMMA dots on a substrate in an m×n grid, to selectively seed graphene flakes on the substrate by controlling the growth of the graphene flakes on the substrate during the graphene deposition. The methods can further include the steps of masking the graphene flake edges with an insulator layer, at a very low deposition time or at a lower precursor concentration, to ensure there are not enough insulator molecules to form a complete layer over the flakes, but only enough insulator to form around the flakes edges. Once the graphene flake edges are masked, the bulk graphene can be etched, and the masking insulator can be removed to expose the resulting graphene nanoribbon.

Abstract: A sensing device includes a plurality of micro sensors configured to detect electrical conductivity. The micro sensors are coated with graphene. The graphene prevents biofouling of the micro sensors.

Abstract: A transparent antenna is fabricated by combining a metal nanomesh structure and a graphene sheet. The nanomesh structure is formed on a surface, and the graphene sheet is placed over the nanomesh structure. The graphene sheet is adhered to the nanomesh structure to form a graphene nanomesh structure. The graphene nanomesh structure is shaped to form the transparent antenna that efficiently transmits and receives signals in a desired frequency range yet is optically transparent.

Abstract: A transparent antenna is fabricated by combining a metal nanomesh structure and a graphene sheet. The nanomesh structure is formed on a surface, and the graphene sheet is placed over the nanomesh structure. The graphene sheet is adhered to the nanomesh structure to form a graphene nanomesh structure. The graphene nanomesh structure is shaped to form the transparent antenna that efficiently transmits and receives signals in a desired frequency range yet is optically transparent.

Abstract: A transparent electromagnetic shield is fabricated by combining a metal nanomesh structure and a graphene sheet. The nanomesh structure is formed such that spacing between portions of the nanomesh provides optical transparency and also provides electromagnetic shielding. The graphene sheet is placed over the nanomesh structure and adhered to the nanomesh structure. The graphene sheet provides additional electromagnetic shielding and maintains the optical transparency.