Abstract: A vehicle includes a turbocharger, an exhaust-side variable valve, a vacuum servo device, an exhaust-side negative pressure hose, an exhaust-side check valve, a negative pressure supply valve, and circuitry. The exhaust-side negative pressure hose connects the vacuum servo device and a negative pressure extracting portion disposed in the exhaust passage. The exhaust-side check valve is disposed in the exhaust-side negative pressure hose to permit a gas flow only from the vacuum servo device to the exhaust passage. The negative pressure supply valve is provided in the exhaust-side negative pressure hose to open and close the exhaust-side negative pressure hose. The circuitry configured to control the exhaust-side variable valve to delay the valve timing with respect to an exhaust top dead center so as to generate negative pressure in the exhaust passage and to open the negative pressure supply valve while the negative pressure is generated in the exhaust passage.

Abstract: A liquid flow rate control valve is provided in which since a total area of overlapping sections of a communication hole group (38c, 38d) of a distributor (38) and an outlet opening (37a, 37b) of a sleeve (37) changes when the distributor (38) is rotated by a first electric motor (46), if a rotor (42) is rotated by means of a second electric motor (47), an input port (31e) communicates with an output port (31f) through an inlet opening (42c, 42d) of the rotor (42), the communication hole group (38c, 38d) of the distributor (38), and the outlet opening (37a, 37b) of the sleeve (37) when the inlet opening (42c, 42d) of the rotor (42) passes through the overlapping sections, thereby making it possible to carry out PWM control of a flow rate of liquid. Since a thrust load in an axis (L) direction does not act on the distributor (38) and the rotor (42), supporting the distributor (38) and the rotor (42) becomes easy, thereby enabling the cost and weight to be cut.

Abstract: A liquid flow rate control valve is provided in which since a total area of overlapping sections of a communication hole group (38c, 38d) of a distributor (38) and an outlet opening (37a, 37b) of a sleeve (37) changes when the distributor (38) is rotated by a first electric motor (46), if a rotor (42) is rotated by means of a second electric motor (47), an input port (31e) communicates with an output port (31f) through an inlet opening (42c, 42d) of the rotor (42), the communication hole group (38c, 38d) of the distributor (38), and the outlet opening (37a, 37b) of the sleeve (37) when the inlet opening (42c, 42d) of the rotor (42) passes through the overlapping sections, thereby making it possible to carry out PWM control of a flow rate of liquid. Since a thrust load in an axis (L) direction does not act on the distributor (38) and the rotor (42), supporting the distributor (38) and the rotor (42) becomes easy, thereby enabling the cost and weight to be cut.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine variable compression ratio system, a compression ratio of an internal combustion engine is changed over between a high compression ratio and a low compression ratio with a changeover threshold value corresponding to a predetermined operational condition of the internal combustion engine being a boundary. When the internal combustion engine enters a slow acceleration state or a slow deceleration state, a changeover is performed first and then the state is maintained for a predetermined period by prohibiting re-changeover. Therefore, changeover hunting can be prevented in the system while maintaining an appropriate compression ratio in conformity with traveling characteristics demanded by a driver, when the internal combustion engine in a state of slow acceleration or slow deceleration.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine variable compression ratio system, a compression ratio of an internal combustion engine is changed over between a high compression ratio and a low compression ratio with a changeover threshold value corresponding to a predetermined operational condition of the internal combustion engine being a boundary. When the internal combustion engine enters a slow acceleration state or a slow deceleration state, a changeover is performed first and then the state is maintained for a predetermined period by prohibiting re-changeover. Therefore, changeover hunting can be prevented in the system while maintaining an appropriate compression ratio in conformity with traveling characteristics demanded by a driver, when the internal combustion engine in a state of slow acceleration or slow deceleration.

Abstract: A Rankine cycle system includes: an evaporator for heating water with thermal energy of exhaust gas of an engine so as to generate steam; an expander for converting the thermal energy of the steam generated by the evaporator into mechanical energy; and a distribution device for manipulating the amount of water supplied to the evaporator in order to make the temperature of the steam supplied from the evaporator to the expander coincide with a target temperature. The distribution device controls a distribution ratio between the amount of water supplied to the entrance of the evaporator and the amount of water supplied to a portion partway along the evaporator, thereby suppressing an overshoot in the temperature of the gas-phase working medium due to a sudden increase in the thermal energy of the exhaust gas.