Abstract: An illuminating device is disclosed., which is high brightness and able to reduce leaking light and preferably made thin. A front light has a light guide plate, a bar light guide body and a light emitting element. A prism shape for reflecting propagating light within the light guide plate and emitting this propagating light to the side of an emitting face of the light guide plate is formed on the emitting face of the light guide plate.

Abstract: The present invention is constructed such that a plurality of switching elements is provided to a substrate adjacent to a liquid crystal layer, the switching elements being coated with an insulator film, on which a plurality of light-reflective pixel electrodes electrically connected to the switching elements is provided, at least part of the pixel electrodes having a through-hole, in which the insulator film under the through-hole has a recess, a transparent electrode electrically connected to the switching element is provided on the bottom of the recess, and the liquid crystal existing between the substrates is introduced into the recess so that the thickness of the liquid crystal in the recess formed region and that in the pixel-electrode formed region are different.

Abstract: An illumination device is constructed such that light illuminated by a light emitting element and transmitted through one side surface of a light guiding plate via an intermediate light guide is introduced into the light guiding plate and the light propagating in the light guiding plate is emitted from an output surface of the light guiding plate so as to illuminate a liquid crystal display unit (an illumination object) disposed behind the light guiding plate, such that a part of the light guiding plate, through which the liquid crystal display unit is displayed in a transmissive manner, serves as a display area, and such that the light guiding plate is formed so as to extend beyond the display area of the liquid crystal display unit and towards the light emitting element, along the longitudinal direction of the intermediate light guide.

Abstract: The invention includes a bar-shaped light source and a light guiding plate for entering a light of the light source from the lateral end surface and emitting the light from the emissive surface, wherein a cover having the bracket shaped cross sectional shape for covering the bar-shaped light source and one portion of the light guiding plate supports the light source at the lateral side portion of the light guiding plate, the bracket-shaped cover made of a spring material in a shape of clip pinches the light guiding plate through a pressing portion on the inner surface of the cover, and the projections extended on the both sides of the cover are adopted to position the light guiding plate accurately in the width direction.

Abstract: An optical member includes a composite including a transparent resin film and an UV-cured resin layer. The optical member may have a light guide plate portion and a light guide bar portion with a slit therebetween. For manufacturing an optical member, an UV-curable resin composition is applied onto a surface of a transparent resin film. The UV-curable resin composition is pressed with a transfer roller having a molding surface at the periphery. The pressed UV-curable resin composition is exposed to ultraviolet light to be cured.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates which oppose each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween; a light source provided on the exterior of one of the substrates; and at least an organic film, a metallic reflection film, an overcoat film, an electrode layer, and an alignment film formed on the inner face of one of the substrates. Many concaves are contiguously formed on a surface of the organic film, the inner surface of each concave constituting a part of a spherical surface. The metallic reflection film has a thickness of 80 to 500 ?. A transflector and a liquid crystal display including the transflector are also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal cell including a first transparent substrate and a second substrate, and a reflector attached to the outer surface of the first transparent substrate with a bonding layer therebetween. A first retarder is disposed on the outer surface of the second transparent substrate, a second retarder is disposed on the first retarder, and a polarizer is disposed on the second retarder. The reflector includes a resin substrate having an irregular surface and a metal reflection layer also having an irregular surface that corresponds to the irregular surface of the reflector. The reflector is attached to the liquid cell so that the metal reflector layer faces the first transparent substrate.

Abstract: An illumination device having high contrast and high brightness, capable of reducing the quantity of leaking light, and capable of being made thin is provided. The illumination device includes a light source and a light guiding plate 12 that introduces light of the light source from a side end face to the inside of the light guiding plate 12 and emits the light that propagates the inside of the light guiding plate from an emitting face. Prismatic shapes for reflecting the propagated light inside the light guiding plate 12 and emitting the reflected light to the emitting face are formed on the emitting face of the light guiding plate 12.

Abstract: The present invention is constructed such that a plurality of switching elements is provided to a substrate adjacent to a liquid crystal layer, the switching elements being coated with an insulator film, on which a plurality of light-reflective pixel electrodes electrically connected to the switching elements is provided, at least part of the pixel electrodes having a through-hole, in which the insulator film under the through-hole has a recess, a transparent electrode electrically connected to the switching element is provided on the bottom of the recess, and the liquid crystal existing between the substrates is introduced into the recess so that the thickness of the liquid crystal in the recess formed region and that in the pixel-electrode formed region are different.

Abstract: A front light includes a light guide panel, a light guide bar placed along an end face of the light guide panel, and light-emitting elements placed at both ends of the light guide bar. A cover member including a reflecting-surface covering portion for covering an end on the reflecting-surface side of the light guide panel, a light-guide covering portion for covering the light guide bar, and an emergent-surface covering portion for covering an end on the emergent-surface side of the light guide panel is mounted so as to cover at least the light guide bar and the ends of the light guide panel. The reflecting-surface covering portion protrudes longer in the light guide direction than the emergent-surface covering portion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a pair of transparent substrates facing each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween. First and second phase difference plates and a first polarizing plate are formed sequentially on one of the transparent substrates, while a reflector, a third phase difference plate, and a second polarizing plate are formed sequentially on the other of the transparent substrates. The reflector is a metal reflection film on a base material with concave portions formed thereon. The metal reflection film includes a plurality of concave surfaces corresponding to the concave portions that face the transparent substrate. The thickness of the metal reflection film is within the range of 5 to 50 nm.

Abstract: An illuminating device is disclosed., which is high brightness and able to reduce leaking light and preferably made thin. A front light has a light guide plate, a bar light guide body and a light emitting element. A prism shape for reflecting propagating light within the light guide plate and emitting this propagating light to the side of an emitting face of the light guide plate is formed on the emitting face of the light guide plate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates which oppose each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween; a light source provided on the exterior of one of the substrates; and at least an organic film, a metallic reflection film, an overcoat film, an electrode layer, and an alignment film formed on the inner face of one of the substrates. Many concaves are contiguously formed on a surface of the organic film, the inner surface of each concave constituting a part of a spherical surface. The metallic reflection film has a thickness of 80 to 500 Å. A transflector and a liquid crystal display including the transflector are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention comprises a bar-shaped light source and a light guiding plate for entering a light of the light source from the lateral end surface and emitting the light from the emissive surface, wherein a cover having the bracket shaped cross sectional shape for covering the bar-shaped light source and one portion of the light guiding plate supports the light source at the lateral side portion of the light guiding plate, the bracket-shaped cover made of a spring material in a shape of clip pinches the light guiding plate through a pressing portion on the inner surface of the cover, and the projections extended on the both sides of the cover are adopted to position the light guiding plate accurately in the width direction.

Abstract: A reflection type liquid crystal display device has phase difference plates and a polarizer provided on an outer side of a liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal layer is twisted by 240 to 250 degrees with other characteristics including: &Dgr;ndLC for the crystal cell of 600 nm-800 nm, &Dgr;ndRF1 for the first phase difference plate of 100 nm-200 nm, and the lagging axis &ggr; of 60 to 100 degrees, &Dgr;ndRF2 for the second phase difference plate of 300 nm-500 nm and a lagging axis &agr; of 90 to 140 degrees, and an absorption axis &agr; of the polarizer of 20 to 70 degrees or 110 to 160 degrees.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates which oppose each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween; a light source provided on the exterior of one of the substrates; and at least an organic film, a metallic reflection film, an overcoat film, an electrode layer, and an alignment film formed on the inner face of one of the substrates. Many concave portions are contiguously formed on a surface of the organic film, the inner surface of each concave portion constituting a part of a spherical surface. The metallic reflection film has a thickness of 80 to 500 Å. A transflector and a liquid crystal display including the transflector are also disclosed.

Abstract: One major surface of a light guide plate is formed, in stripe form in a plan view, with a plurality of prism grooves each consisting of a slight slope and a steep slope. The inclination angles of the slight slope and the steep slope are in ranges of 1° to 10° and 41° to 45°, respectively. The width of the steep slope in the one major surface of the light guide plate increases as the position goes away from a light incident surface of the light guide plate in such a manner that the width of the steep slope amounts to 1.1 to 1.5 at a position farthest from the light incident surface if it is assumed that the width of the steep slope is equal to 1.0 at a position closest to the light incident surface.

Abstract: A front light includes a light guide panel, a light guide bar placed along an end face of the light guide panel, and light-emitting elements placed at both ends of the light guide bar. A cover member including a reflecting-surface covering portion for covering an end on the reflecting-surface side of the light guide panel, a light-guide covering portion for covering the light guide bar, and an emergent-surface covering portion for covering an end on the emergent-surface side of the light guide panel is mounted so as to cover at least the light guide bar and the ends of the light guide panel. The reflecting-surface covering portion protrudes longer in the light guide direction than the emergent-surface covering portion.

Abstract: An illumination device is constructed such that light illuminated by a light emitting element and transmitted through one side surface of a light guiding plate via an intermediate light guide is introduced into the light guiding plate and the light propagating in the light guiding plate is emitted from an output surface of the light guiding plate so as to illuminate a liquid crystal display unit (an illumination object) disposed behind the light guiding plate, such that a part of the light guiding plate, through which the liquid crystal display unit is displayed in a transmissive manner, serves as a display area, and such that the light guiding plate is formed so as to extend beyond the display area of the liquid crystal display unit and towards the light emitting element, along the longitudinal direction of the intermediate light guide.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a pair of transparent substrates facing each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween. First and second phase difference plates and a first polarizing plate are formed sequentially on one of the transparent substrates, while a reflector, a third phase difference plate, and a second polarizing plate are formed sequentially on the other of the transparent substrates. The reflector is a metal reflection film on a base material with concave portions formed thereon. The metal reflection film includes a plurality of concave surfaces corresponding to the concave portions that face the transparent substrate. The thickness of the metal reflection film is within the range of 5 to 50 nm.