Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device including a first and second sub-pixels and including a first and second substrates. The first substrate includes a common electrode, an interlayer insulating film, and a first and second sub-pixel electrodes. The first and second sub-pixel electrodes each include linear electrode portions at an edge area and a linear electrode portion at a central area. The interlayer insulating film includes a region overlapping the linear electrode portions at the edge area and a region overlapping the linear electrode portion at the central area for each sub-pixel and the regions are different in at least one of a film thickness or a relative permittivity. An electric field strength between the common electrode and the linear electrode portions at the edge area is lower than an electric field strength between the common electrode and the linear electrode portion at the central area.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device including a first and second sub-pixels and including a first and second substrates. The first substrate includes a common electrode, an interlayer insulating film, and a first and second sub-pixel electrodes. The first and second sub-pixel electrodes each include linear electrode portions at an edge area and a linear electrode portion at a central area. The interlayer insulating film includes a region overlapping the linear electrode portions at the edge area and a region overlapping the linear electrode portion at the central area for each sub-pixel and the regions are different in at least one of a film thickness or a relative permittivity. An electric field strength between the common electrode and the linear electrode portions at the edge area is lower than an electric field strength between the common electrode and the linear electrode portion at the central area.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head of the present invention has: an element substrate in which a liquid ejection port is formed, the element substrate having an energy generating element that generates energy for ejecting the liquid from the ejection port, and a plurality of wiring pads lined up in a predetermined direction; a flexible wiring substrate having a plurality of leads lined up in the predetermined direction and overlaid on and connected to the plurality of wiring pads respectively, and a base film overlaid on the plurality of leads; and a sealant that seals a plurality of connection portions of the plurality of wiring pads and the plurality of leads. The base film has a plurality of covering portions that respectively cover an opposite side of the plurality of leads from the plurality of connection portions, and an opening or slit formed between the plurality of covering portions.

Abstract: A display device includes a display part; a driving part; and a display control part, the display control part being configured to provide a transition period between first and second driving periods in switching from the first driving period to the second driving period, the first driving period allowing the display part to be driven at a first frame frequency, the second driving period allowing the display part to be driven at a second frame frequency, the transition period including a period where the display part is driven at at least one frame frequency with a value between the first and second frame frequencies, the transition period including positive and negative periods that last for different total durations, the positive period allowing the display part to be driven at a positive voltage, the negative period allowing the display part to be driven at a negative voltage.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to reduce an afterimage phenomenon while preventing an increase in driving voltage. A liquid crystal display device (10) includes: a liquid crystal layer (3) and a pair of substrates which face each other across the liquid crystal layer (3); and an upper electrode (4), a lower electrode (5), and a first insulating layer (6) which are provided in a stack on one substrate (1) of the pair of substrates so that the upper electrode (4) and the lower electrode (5) overlap each other via the first insulating layer (6), the upper layer electrode (4) having an end surface which constitutes an opening of the upper electrode (4), the end surface being forward tapered and forming, with the one substrate (1), an average angle of inclination of not more than 30 degrees.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion substrate according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a first substrate having an optical transparency; and a light modulation unit provided on one surface of the first substrate and configured to modulate a spectrum of incident light in accordance with a polarization state of the incident light. The light modulation unit includes: a plurality of metallic structures periodically provided at intervals from one another on one surface of the first substrate and configured to exhibit plasmon resonance due to incident light; and a plurality of wavelength conversion units provided so that at least some wavelength conversion units are adjacent to the plurality of metallic structures and comprising a wavelength converting material configured to emit light in a wavelength band different from a wavelength band of the incident light.

Abstract: A display device includes a display part; a driving part; and a display control part, the display control part being configured to provide a transition period between first and second driving periods in switching from the first driving period to the second driving period, the first driving period allowing the display part to be driven at a first frame frequency, the second driving period allowing the display part to be driven at a second frame frequency, the transition period including a period where the display part is driven at at least one frame frequency with a value between the first and second frame frequencies, the transition period including positive and negative periods that last for different total durations, the positive period allowing the display part to be driven at a positive voltage, the negative period allowing the display part to be driven at a negative voltage.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head substrate that includes a nozzle plate provided with an ejection orifice adapted to eject liquid droplets, in which a projection/depression pattern is provided on a liquid droplet ejection surface of the nozzle plate, the projection/depression pattern being made up of a plurality of projections and depressions, the projections being separated by depressions 1 ?m or less in depth and disposed at predetermined spacing 10 ?m or less in length; and the projection/depression pattern includes a part having water repellency due to lotus effect.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion substrate according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a first substrate having an optical transparency; and a light modulation unit provided on one surface of the first substrate and configured to modulate a spectrum of incident light in accordance with a polarization state of the incident light. The light modulation unit includes: a plurality of metallic structures periodically provided at intervals from one another on one surface of the first substrate and configured to exhibit plasmon resonance due to incident light; and a plurality of wavelength conversion units provided so that at least some wavelength conversion units are adjacent to the plurality of metallic structures and comprising a wavelength converting material configured to emit light in a wavelength band different from a wavelength band of the incident light.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to reduce an afterimage phenomenon while preventing an increase in driving voltage. A liquid crystal display device (10) includes: a liquid crystal layer (3) and a pair of substrates which face each other across the liquid crystal layer (3); and an upper electrode (4), a lower electrode (5), and a first insulating layer (6) which are provided in a stack on one substrate (1) of the pair of substrates so that the upper electrode (4) and the lower electrode (5) overlap each other via the first insulating layer (6), the upper layer electrode (4) having an end surface which constitutes an opening of the upper electrode (4), the end surface being forward tapered and forming, with the one substrate (1), an average angle of inclination of not more than 30 degrees.

Abstract: In a control method performed in shifting a plurality of different types of power generators to parallel operation, at least one of output voltage and a voltage drooping characteristic of at least one of the plurality of power generators is changed. In the case where the plurality of different types of power generators are a plurality of synchronous power generators having different voltage drooping characteristics, the voltage drooping characteristic of one power generator having a smaller voltage drooping characteristic among the plurality of power generators to be operated in parallel is changed so as to coincide with the voltage drooping characteristic of the other power generator. At the time of changing the voltage drooping characteristic, the other power generator is controlled so that the output voltage thereof is maintained at a value before start of the parallel operation.

Abstract: A parallel operation control method for different type power generation apparatuses to shift the power generation apparatuses having respective different drooping characteristics, in which the drooping characteristic is defined as a characteristic of decrease of a rated frequency along with an increase of a load, from independent operation of the power generation apparatuses under suitable drooping characteristics to parallel operation thereof to drive a common drive target, includes determining a load of one of the power generation apparatuses by subtracting a load of the other of the power generation apparatuses from a predetermined required load; changing a drooping characteristic of the one of the power generation apparatuses so as to coincide with a drooping characteristic of the other of the power generation apparatuses; and controlling the one of the power generation apparatuses so as to maintain frequency at the time of changing the drooping characteristic.

Abstract: A process for producing a semiconductor chip having a substrate and a bump formed on the substrate including (1) forming, on a substrate, a conductor gold for plating to be a base of plating growth; (2) forming a mask for plating on the conductor gold for plating; (3) performing plating using the mask for plating to form the bump and a dummy pattern; (4) removing the mask for plating; (5) etching the conductor gold for plating; and (6) applying a shock to at least the dummy pattern. The amount of side etching of the conductor gold for plating is grasped from a state of separation of the dummy pattern due to the shock in the step (6).

Abstract: In a control method performed in shifting a plurality of different types of power generators to parallel operation, at least one of output voltage and a voltage drooping characteristic of at least one of the plurality of power generators is changed. In the case where the plurality of different types of power generators are a plurality of synchronous power generators having different voltage drooping characteristics, the voltage drooping characteristic of one power generator having a smaller voltage drooping characteristic among the plurality of power generators to be operated in parallel is changed so as to coincide with the voltage drooping characteristic of the other power generator. At the time of changing the voltage drooping characteristic, the other power generator is controlled so that the output voltage thereof is maintained at a value before start of the parallel operation.

Abstract: An etching chamber includes a chamber body including a flow channel and an opening mounted the substrate to be etched and the opening communicating with the flow channel and a sealing member provided in the periphery of the opening and configured to close a gap between the substrate and the chamber body when the substrate is mounted in the opening, wherein the sealing member includes a first groove provided on an upper surface of the sealing member which comes into abutment with the substrate when the substrate is mounted in the opening, a second groove provided on a sealing member bottom surface on a side opposite from the upper surface of the sealing member, and at least one communicating hole communicating with the first groove and the second groove.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a substrate which has an energy-generating element that generates energy to be utilized for ejecting a liquid, and a supply orifice for supplying the liquid to the energy-generating element; and an ejection orifice forming member that has a plurality of ejection orifices through which the liquid is ejected, and at least one beam-like projection which projects toward the substrate and extends along an array direction of the ejection orifices at a position corresponding to the supply orifice. A sectional area perpendicular to the array direction of the ejection orifices at the central part of the beam-like projection in the array direction of the ejection orifices is larger than a sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the array direction of the ejection orifices at both ends of the beam-like projection in the array direction.

Abstract: An ink jet recording head includes a substrate having a plurality of discharge energy generation elements and having an ink supply port, a protective film provided on the substrate and configured to protect wiring connected to the discharge energy generation elements, and an ink discharge port forming member, wherein the protective film has a protruding portion, wherein the ink discharge port forming member has a beam-like protrusion, wherein the beam-like protrusion has a reinforcing rib, and wherein a separation film containing gold is formed at a portion where the protruding portion and the reinforcing rib are held in close contact with each other.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a substrate having a supply port that is a through-hole for supplying liquid; an energy generating element for generating energy to be used for ejecting the liquid; a first film that covers the energy generating element; a second film formed on the first film; and a flow path forming member bonded to the substrate, for forming a flow path for supplying the liquid supplied from the supply port to an ejection orifice. When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the substrate, an end portion of the first film extends inwardly from an opening edge of the supply port, and an end portion of the second film is located between the opening edge of the supply port and the end portion of the first film.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes: a substrate which has an energy-generating element that generates energy to be utilized for ejecting a liquid, and a supply orifice for supplying the liquid to the energy-generating element; and an ejection orifice forming member that has a plurality of ejection orifices through which the liquid is ejected, and at least one beam-like projection which projects toward the substrate and extends along an array direction of the ejection orifices at a position corresponding to the supply orifice; wherein a sectional area perpendicular to the array direction of the ejection orifices in the central part of the beam-like projection in the array direction of the ejection orifices is larger than a sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the array direction of the ejection orifices in both ends of the beam-like projection in the array direction.

Abstract: An ink jet recording head includes a substrate having a plurality of discharge energy generation elements and having an ink supply port, a protective film provided on the substrate and configured to protect wiring connected to the discharge energy generation elements, and an ink discharge port forming member, wherein the protective film has a protruding portion, wherein the ink discharge port forming member has a beam-like protrusion, wherein the beam-like protrusion has a reinforcing rib, and wherein a separation film containing gold is formed at a portion where the protruding portion and the reinforcing rib are held in close contact with each other.