Abstract: A light detector is configured such that a light receiving portion having APDs and a peripheral portion are provided on a first principal surface of a p-type semiconductor substrate, and further includes a back electrode provided on a second principal surface of the semiconductor substrate and a p-type first separation portion provided between the light receiving portion and the peripheral portion. The APD has, on a first principal surface side, an n-type region and a p-epitaxial layer contacting the n-type region in a Z-direction. The peripheral portion has an n-type MISFET provided at a p-well and an n-well provided to surround entire side and bottom portions of the p-well.

Abstract: A compact liquid discharge regulator is provided at low cost by arranging a channel spirally formed in the surface of a passage forming member. The surface of the passage forming member is brought into close contact with the inner surface of a housing part, and the channel functions as a liquid passage. In this construction, the sectional form and length of the channel can be formed at high precision in accordance with the design. Therefore, a desired pipe loss is obtainable only by designing in advance the sectional form and length of the channel so as to correspond to the pipe loss. Particularly, with injection molding, mass production of a passage forming member of identical pipe loss can be effected merely by preparing a mold corresponding to the pipe loss, thus leading to a considerable reduction in the manufacturing cost of the discharge regulator.

Abstract: A compact liquid discharge regulator is provided at low cost by arranging a channel spirally formed in the surf ace of a passage forming member. The surface of the passage forming member is brought into close contact with the inner surface of a housing part, and the channel functions as a liquid passage. In this construction, the sectional form and length of the channel can be formed at high precision in accordance with the design. Therefore, a desired pipe loss is obtainable only by designing in advance the sectional form and length of the channel so as to correspond to the pipe loss. Particularly, with injection molding, mass production of a passage forming member of identical pipe loss can be effected merely by preparing a mold corresponding to the pipe loss, thus leading to a considerable reduction in the manufacturing cost of the discharge regulator.

Abstract: A backflow prevention structure, which is to be connected to a liquid medicine inlet of a liquid medicine injection device for injecting a liquid medicine in a liquid medicine retaining vessel of the liquid medicine injection device into a body part, includes a backflow prevention valve element provided at the liquid medicine inlet for preventing backflow of the liquid medicine from the liquid medicine retaining vessel. The backflow prevention valve element has a beaklike nonreturn valve and an annular valve and the liquid medicine is introduced into the liquid medicine retaining vessel through the beaklike nonreturn valve, and the liquid medicine in the liquid medicine retaining vessel is allowed to flow in a reverse direction via the annular valve when a negative pressure is produced on one side of the backflow prevention valve element opposite to the liquid medicine retaining vessel.

Abstract: A coin wrapping apparatus for automatically piling coins in a specified number and wrapping a pile of coins in wrapping comprising a pair of main rollers, a proper number of guide rollers, and a belt passed over these rollers and bent at a portion thereof between the pair of main rollers into a curved shape to form a coin holding means as its main part which constitutes a coin piling unit so as to make it possible to attain coin piling function by a simpler structure. A coin piling and wrapping unit for piling and wrapping coins is constructed using the main part which can perform piling and wrapping in the same section and can be moved into and from the main body of the coin wrapping apparatus.