Abstract: An optical modulation apparatus comprises first, second, and third optical modulators arranged so as to collectively modulate light coupled into a first optical input in all three dimensions of the three-dimensional Stokes vector space, to produce an optical output signal. The optical modulation apparatus further comprises a modulating circuit having a digital input configured to N generate first, second, and third modulating signals for driving the first, second, and third optical modulators so as to map digital data to an M-point optical constellation in the optical output signal. The points in the M-point optical constellation are distributed in the three-dimensional Stokes vector space such that the constellation figure of merit for the M-point optical constellation equals at least half of the maximum achievable constellation figure of merit for M points in the three-dimensional Stokes vector space.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a transceiver operative to transmit and receive optical signals. The transceiver comprises a laser, a power splitter, a dual-polarization in-phase and quadrature modulator, DP-IQM, a first circulator (C1, C3), a second circulator (C2, C4), a first optical polarization controller, PC, a second optical polarization controller and a dual-polarization coherent receiver, DP-CRx. There is provided a system comprising a first transceiver and a second transceiver as described previously. The transceiver requires neither high speed DSP nor high resolution data converters to achieve 50 Gbaud DP-16 QAM, DP standing for dual polarization and QAM standing for quadrature amplitude modulation, yielding 400 Gb/s over 10 km below the 2.2×10?4 KP4 forward error correction (FEC) threshold.

Abstract: An optical modulation apparatus comprises first, second, and third optical modulators arranged so as to collectively modulate light coupled into a first optical input in all three dimensions of the three-dimensional Stokes vector space, to produce an optical output signal. The optical modulation apparatus further comprises a modulating circuit having a digital input configured to N generate first, second, and third modulating signals for driving the first, second, and third optical modulators so as to map digital data to an M-point optical constellation in the optical output signal. The points in the M-point optical constellation are distributed in the three-dimensional Stokes vector space such that the constellation figure of merit for the M-point optical constellation equals at least half of the maximum achievable constellation figure of merit for M points in the three-dimensional Stokes vector space.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a transceiver operative to transmit and receive optical signals. The transceiver comprises a laser, a power splitter, a dual-polarization in-phase and quadrature modulator, DP-IQM, a first circulator (C1, C3), a second circulator (C2, C4), a first optical polarization controller, PC, a second optical polarization controller and a dual-polarization coherent receiver, DP-CRx. There is provided a system comprising a first transceiver and a second transceiver as described previously. The transceiver requires neither high speed DSP nor high resolution data converters to achieve 50 Gbaud DP-16 QAM, DP standing for dual polarization and QAM standing for quadrature amplitude modulation, yielding 400 Gb/s over 10 km below the 2.2×10?4 KP4 forward error correction (FEC) threshold.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmitter that modulates a single-wavelength laser signal with multi-level amplitude modulation on each of two polarizations, with an additional multi-level inter-polarization phase modulation. In an experimental setup, four-level amplitude modulation is used on each of the two polarizations, and four-phase inter-polarization phase modulation is used. Other numbers of levels may be used, in variations of the disclosed techniques and apparatus. Also disclosed is a corresponding receiver, which includes a DSP algorithm that recovers, simultaneously, the information on the multiple intensities imprinted by the transmitter on each polarization and the information from the multi-level inter-polarization phase modulation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmitter that modulates a single-wavelength laser signal with multi-level amplitude modulation on each of two polarizations, with an additional multi-level inter-polarization phase modulation. In an experimental setup, four-level amplitude modulation is used on each of the two polarizations, and four-phase inter-polarization phase modulation is used. Other numbers of levels may be used, in variations of the disclosed techniques and apparatus. Also disclosed is a corresponding receiver, which includes a DSP algorithm that recovers, simultaneously, the information on the multiple intensities imprinted by the transmitter on each polarization and the information from the multi-level inter-polarization phase modulation.