Abstract: An edge coupler for coupling a light beam (e.g., a laser beam) into a waveguide comprises a first waveguide section characterized by a first thickness and a first constant width, a second waveguide section physically coupled to the first waveguide section and characterized by the first thickness and a gradually decreasing width, and a third waveguide section partially overlapping with the second waveguide section at an overlap region, the third waveguide section characterized by a gradually increasing width and a second thickness different from (e.g., greater than) the first thickness. In some embodiments, a surface (e.g., the top or bottom surface) of the second waveguide section and a surface (e.g., the top or bottom surface) of the third waveguide section are on a same plane.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, methods, and computer program products for aspiration based measurement and analysis of gases are provided. An example of such a system includes multiple gas sources, a distribution subsystem, an aspiration subsystem, a gas conditioning subsystem, and an gas analyzing unit. The distribution subsystem may include one or more valves, the aspiration subsystem may include one or more aspiration pumps, and the gas conditioning subsystem may include one or more gas conditioners. Various embodiments may include a purging subsystem and a cooling subsystem. The system may control the subsystems to measure and analyze a gas sample to determine an alarm state and generate and transmit one or more alarm states or alerts.