Abstract: Disclosed is a display apparatus. The display apparatus includes a display; and at least one processor connected to the display and configured to control the display apparatus, and the processor may, based on a pixel value included in an input image, identify an area in the input image, identify a threshold grayscale value based on histogram information of the identified area, identify an area having a grayscale value equal to or greater than the threshold grayscale in the identified area as a first area and identify a remaining area as a second area, and control the display to reduce luminance of the first area according to a first luminance adjustment scheme and adjust luminance of a second area according to a second luminance adjustment scheme.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are chemically configurable diamonds tailored for self-cleaning, dirt repelling, and anti-smudge technology for sensing, optical, and ornamental applications. This document describes an invention for generating chemically configurable diamonds. Applications include anti-smudge, self-cleaning, color alteration, and debris resistance for diamond for jewelry or other ornamentation, optical, quantum computing, for chemical functionalization for sensors or electronic devices that rely on chemical interactions with diamonds or defects therein. Diamond surfaces are chemically inert and therefore require chemical modification to attach secondary coatings. Secondary coatings can be varied depending on application demands. Chemical reactions are employed to modify the surface wetting properties of the diamond.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing apparatus including a memory storing at least one instruction; and a processor configured to execute the at least one instruction to: obtain, from a first image, a second image from which noise has been removed using a filtering algorithm; determine first weight data corresponding to the first image and second weight data corresponding to the second image, by applying the first image to a neural network for deriving a mixing ratio between the first image and the second image; and obtain an output image by mixing a first result obtained by applying the first weight data to the first image, with a second result obtained by applying the second weight data to the second image.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are coated gemstones, coatings for gemstones, methods of coating gemstones, and methods of using coatings on gemstones to avoid blemishes on gemstones. In some embodiments, diamonds are functionalized with anchor molecules that bind hydrophilic cyclodextrin molecules to confer hydrophilicity on the diamond. In some embodiments, the diamonds resist dirt and grime build-up.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are molecularly coated surfaces, methods of coating surfaces, and methods of using coatings on surfaces. In some embodiments, the coated surfaces are useful in applications to avoid blemishes on gemstones, confer antimicrobial activity on a surface, confer a therapeutic property to a surface, detect an analyte, change the color of a surface, and or to change the physical and/or chemical properties of a surface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are coated gemstones, coatings for gemstones, methods of coating gemstones, and methods of using coatings on gemstones to avoid blemishes on gemstones. In some embodiments, diamonds are functionalized with anchor molecules that bind hydrophilic cyclodextrin molecules to confer hydrophilicity on the diamond. In some embodiments, the diamonds resist dirt and grime build-up.

Abstract: Provided are a hydrogen ion electrode composed of a composite material of polymer resin and nano iridium oxide, the composite material containing 1-10 nm sized nano iridium oxide particles and/or aggregates thereof which are dispersed to be electrically connected to each other in a moldable, thermoplastic, and hydrophobic polymer resin matrix; a pH sensor using the same; and a method for manufacturing the same. The surface of the hydrogen ion electrode shows very fast pH sensitivity when exposed to a sample solution, and the pH sensitivity is approximate to biphasic characteristics. Furthermore, regardless of high reproducibility of pH sensitivity, abrupt pH change, and repetitive use, very low hysteresis, durability due to high physical strength, and high surface regeneration due to polishing are exhibited, and thus, the lifetime of the electrode can be extended and various sizes and shapes of electrodes can be easily manufactured.

Abstract: Provided are a hydrogen ion electrode composed of a composite material of polymer resin and nano iridium oxide, the composite material containing 1-10 nm sized nano iridium oxide particles and/or aggregates thereof which are dispersed to be electrically connected to each other in a moldable, thermoplastic, and hydrophobic polymer resin matrix; a pH sensor using the same; and a method for manufacturing the same. The surface of the hydrogen ion electrode shows very fast pH sensitivity when exposed to a sample solution, and the pH sensitivity is approximate to biphasic characteristics. Furthermore, regardless of high reproducibility of pH sensitivity, abrupt pH change, and repetitive use, very low hysteresis, durability due to high physical strength, and high surface regeneration due to polishing are exhibited, and thus, the lifetime of the electrode can be extended and various sizes and shapes of electrodes can be easily manufactured.

Abstract: Provided are transmembrane complexes that contain a protein transduction domain (PTD) from the N-terminus of IgE-dependent histamine-releasing factor (HRF) and a target substance that is to be delivered into a cell. Also provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding the transmembrane complex, and methods of delivering the target substance into a cell interior by contacting the transmembrane complex with a cell. Also provided are transfection kits containing the PTD and the target substance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a peptide having cell membrane penetrating activity, a transmembrane carrier comprising the peptide having cell membrane penetrating activity as an effective component, a transmembrane complex consisting of the peptide having cell membrane penetrating activity combined with a target substance, a transfection kit comprising the peptide having cell membrane penetrating activity and the target substance, use of the peptide having cell membrane penetrating activity for the manufacture of a transmembrane complex, use of the transmembrane complex for the manufacture of a medicament, and a method for delivering a target substance into cell interior which comprises administrating to a subject with a transmembrane complex consisting of the peptide having cell membrane penetrating activity combined with a target substance to induce transduction of the transmembrane complex into cell interior.