Abstract: In an example a method includes identifying, by a processor, in a data model of at least a portion of a three-dimensional object, an object property associated with a location in the three-dimensional object. A data model of a virtual build volume comprising at least a portion of the three-dimensional object may be generated in which an association with an object property is dispersed beyond the location.

Abstract: In an example, a virtual build volume comprising a representation of at least a part of an object to be generated in additive manufacturing is segmented into a plurality of nested segments comprising a core segment, an inner peripheral segment and an outer peripheral segment. Additive manufacturing control instructions may be generated for the nested segments. The control instructions for the core segment may provide a first region of the object corresponding to the core segment and having a first color. The control instructions for the outer peripheral segment may provide a second color for a second region of the object corresponding to the outer peripheral segment. The control instructions for the inner peripheral segment may provide a third color for a third region of the object corresponding to the inner peripheral segment, wherein a color of the third region is determined so as to at least partially visually mask the first region.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes forming a layer of build material, processing a first portion of the build material by distributing a print agent using a first distribution pattern, the first distribution pattern having a first print agent dispersion characteristic and processing a second portion of the build material by distributing a print agent using a second distribution pattern, the second distribution pattern having a second print agent dispersion characteristic. The method may further include heating the build material by exposing the layer of build material to radiation so as to cause fusing of the first and second portion.

Abstract: In an example, a method include receiving a data model of an object to be generated in additive manufacturing at a processor, the data model comprising object property data. A segmentation of a virtual build volume comprising at least a portion of the object into a plurality of nested segments may be derived. A first segment may be associated with first object generation parameters and a second segment may be associated with second, different, object generation parameters. A number of nested segments to be derived may be determined based on at least one of a geometry of the object and an intended object property.

Abstract: In some examples, with respect to three-dimensional printer color management, three-dimensional printer native space coordinates of a three-dimensional printer may be mapped to three-dimensional printer printing agent space coordinates of the three-dimensional printer. The three-dimensional printer printing agent space coordinates may be mapped to color space coordinates. The color space coordinates may be mapped to two-dimensional printer printing agent space coordinates of a two-dimensional printer. The two-dimensional printer printing agent space coordinates may be mapped to two-dimensional printer native space coordinates of the two-dimensional printer. A color management protocol of the two-dimensional printer may be utilized, based on the mapping of the three-dimensional printer native space coordinates to the two-dimensional printer native space coordinates, for the three-dimensional printer to print a three-dimensional object.

Abstract: In an example of a three-dimensional printing method, a polymeric build material is applied. A fusing agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the polymeric build material. The fusing agent includes cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, a zwitterionic stabilizer, and an aqueous vehicle. The polymeric build material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation to fuse the portion of the polymeric build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer.

Abstract: A first number of color patches are printed with a target printing system to obtain a sparse color gamut characterization. A second number of color patches are printed with a reference printing system to obtain a reference color gamut characterization. The second number is greater than the first number. A dense color gamut characterization is generated with a transformation of the reference color gamut characterization to the sparse color gamut characterization. A color management resource can be generated for the target printing system from the dense color gamut characterization.

Abstract: In an example of a three-dimensional printing method, a polymeric build material is applied. A fusing agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the polymeric build material. The fusing agent includes cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, a zwitterionic stabilizer, and an aqueous vehicle. The polymeric build material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation to fuse the portion of the polymeric build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer.

Abstract: A method for compensating for induced artifacts on an image to be printed includes processing the image to be printed. An image region of the image susceptible to at least one artifact is identified. An imaging process is modified to reduce an effect of the at least one artifact on the image region. The image is printed.

Abstract: One or more ink-usage parameters are adjusted based on ink remaining and historical ink usage, to reduce ink usage for an image to be printed on a sheet of media with ink. The image is printed on the sheet of media with the ink, in accordance with the ink-usage parameters. Adjustment of ink-usage parameters and printing an image on a sheet of media with the ink are repeated for each additional image to be printed on a sheet of media.

Abstract: A print cartridge includes a printhead and a plurality of distinct achromatic inks contained within a plurality of chambers in communication with the printhead.

Abstract: A halftoning method and apparatus reduces the occurrence of unaesthetic color print output associated with the different relationships found in the numeric data contained within the color data planes. The calculation, modification and distribution of error values, resulting from the mismatch between color plane values and firing thresholds, are performed in a manner that minimizes unaesthetic conditions. Error values are modified by use of error modification functions, bitmaps and matrixes. Firing decisions are based on a comparison of the modified error.

Abstract: A method includes forming a third halftone color plane, a fourth halftone color plane, and a fifth halftone color plane from a first halftone color plane and a second halftone color plane. In addition, the method includes performing a compression on the third halftone color plane, the fourth halftone color plane, and the fifth halftone color plane. An apparatus includes a processing device configured to form a third halftone color plane, a fourth halftone color plane, and a fifth halftone color plane from a first halftone color plane and a second halftone color plane. In addition, the apparatus includes a configuration to perform a compression on the third halftone color plane, the fourth halftone color plane, and the fifth halftone color plane to generate compressed halftone data and to decompress the compressed halftone data to generate decompressed halftone data. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a memory configured to store the compressed and the decompressed halftone data.

Abstract: A printing system includes a printer and a print cartridge. The printer includes a carriage configured to move across the medium. The print cartridge is releasably coupled to the carriage and includes a first printhead and at least three achromatic inks. The at least three achromatic inks have distinct L* values and are contained within at least three chambers in communication with the printhead.

Abstract: An embodiment of a halftoning method reduces the grainy appearance resulting from overlap of cyan and magenta colorants using a single threshold matrix for both the cyan and the magenta color planes. The cyan color value and the magenta color value for a pixel are summed. If the sum is greater than the maximum possible color value by at least the corresponding matrix threshold value, both cyan and magenta colorants are placed on the pixel. If the sum is not greater than the maximum possible color value by at least the corresponding matrix threshold value, then the smallest of the cyan color value and the magenta color value is compared to the corresponding matrix threshold value. If this smallest color value is greater than the corresponding matrix threshold value, the corresponding colorant is placed on the pixel. Otherwise, the other colorant is placed on the pixel. If the sum is less the maximum possible color value, then the sum is compared to the corresponding matrix threshold value.

Abstract: A printing system includes a printer and a print cartridge. The printer includes a carriage configured to move across the medium. The print cartridge is releasably coupled to the carriage and includes a first printhead and at least three achromatic inks. The at least three achromatic inks have distinct L* values and are contained within at least three chambers in communication with the printhead.

Abstract: A print cartridge includes a printhead and a plurality of distinct achromatic inks contained within a plurality of chambers in communication with the printhead.

Abstract: A method for white balancing an image. The method may include determining a location of a human facial region within the image. Additionally, the method may include determining skin color of the human facial region. The method also may include determining a correction factor to change the skin color to substantially match a known range of skin colors. Furthermore, the method may include applying the correction factor to the image to provide white balancing.

Abstract: A method includes forming a third halftone color plane, a fourth halftone color plane, and a fifth halftone color plane from a first halftone color plane and a second halftone color plane. In addition, the method includes performing a compression on the third halftone color plane, the fourth halftone color plane, and the fifth halftone color plane. An apparatus includes a processing device configured to form a third halftone color plane, a fourth halftone color plane, and a fifth halftone color plane from a first halftone color plane and a second halftone color plane. In addition, the apparatus includes a configuration to perform a compression on the third halftone color plane, the fourth halftone color plane, and the fifth halftone color plane to generate compressed halftone data and to decompress the compressed halftone data to generate decompressed halftone data. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a memory configured to store the compressed and the decompressed halftone data.

Abstract: A halftoning method and apparatus reduces the occurrence of unaesthetic color print output associated with the different relationships found in the numeric data contained within the color data planes. The calculation, modification and distribution of error values, resulting from the mismatch between color plane values and firing thresholds, are performed in a manner that minimizes unaesthetic conditions. Error values are modified by use of error modification functions, bitmaps and matrixes. Firing decisions are based on a comparison of the modified error.