Abstract: A method for assembling a porous membrane cartridge having a cylindrical barrel, a cap, and a porous membrane. The method includes: forming openings at a top end and rear end in the barrel, respectively; forming the cap into a cylindrical shape having a fit-in portion configured to fit the portion outside the top end of the barrel, and forming in the cap a sandwiching face configured to abut with an opening edge of the top end and to sandwich the porous membrane between the barrel and the sandwiching face; crushing a peripheral edge of the porous membrane and sandwiching the porous membrane; and fixing the cap to the barrel so as not to be pulled out of the barrel by welding the opening edge and the sandwiching face by ultrasound.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a porous filter cartridge that hardly involves the contamination problem, provides an economic advantage, and is able to achieve efficient filtration and extraction without breaking. The object is accomplished by a porous filter cartridge including a bottomed cylindrical cap 5 with an outlet opening 29 at the bottom and a porous filter held inside the cap 5 on the bottom. At the bottom of the cap 5 a plurality of ribs 35, 37, and 39 are arranged radially about the outlet opening 29 in a standing condition to support the porous filter. At least some of the ribs are connected to each other at the center of the outlet opening 29 to span the outlet opening 29 to form a junction 43. The junction 43 has a top surface 41 convex to the porous filter side.

Abstract: An ion current corresponding to an amount of ion produced by combustion of air fuel mixture in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is detected and an ion current parameter indicative of combustion state is calculated from the ion current. The properties of fuel are determined by a change of combustion state from an engine start time, that is, by a change of the ion current parameter.

Abstract: In order to prevent a leakage of pressurized air when a force of 12 N is applied, a multiple cartridge (A) of the present invention plurally provides porous membrane cartridges (1) side by side by a link piece (5), each of which has a tubular barrel (10) having openings (11a, 11b) at a top end portion (13) and rear end portion thereof; a cap (20) that is formed like a tube having a fit-in portion (22) for fitting outside the top end portion, and abuts an opening edge (14) of the top end portion, and has a sandwich face (24) for sandwiching a porous membrane (F) between the cap and the barrel; and the porous membrane sandwiched between the opening edge of the barrel and the cap.

Abstract: A porous filter cartridge comprising: a cap being in the form of a bottomed cylinder and including an opening provided at the center of a bottom part thereof; and at least one porous filters held on the inner side of the cap, and at the bottom part, wherein the cap comprises a plurality of convex ribs provided on the bottom part side of the inner circumferential surface of the cap, and at a part on the circumference of the inner circumferential surface, the plurality of convex ribs protruding to the inside of the cap and bending the outer perimeter end of the at least one porous filters.

Abstract: In order to prevent the waste of porous membrane cartridges (1) of the present invention, a multiple cartridge (A) is the cartridge that plurally provides the porous membrane cartridges side by side by a link piece (5), each of which has a tubular barrel (10) having openings (11a, 11b) at a top end portion (13) and rear end portion thereof; a cap (20) that is formed like a tube having a fit-in portion (22) for fitting outside the top end portion, and abuts with an opening edge (14) of the top end portion, and has a sandwich face (24) for sandwiching a porous membrane (F) between the cap and the barrel; and the porous membrane sandwiched between the opening edge of the barrel and the cap.

Abstract: An ignition timing control apparatus can obtain high output torque without generating output torque loss, and avoid the deterioration of audibility due to successive knock occurrences. A cylinder specific ignition timing setting section includes a reference ignition timing control section, and a cylinder specific correction value setting section having correction values of the same number as that of engine cylinders. The reference ignition timing control section calculates reference ignition timing common to all the cylinders and uniformly controls the ignition timings of all the cylinders to a retard angle side to prevent the occurrence of successive knocks.

Abstract: An ignition timing control apparatus can obtain high output torque without generating output torque loss, and avoid the deterioration of audibility due to successive knock occurrences. A cylinder specific ignition timing setting section includes a reference ignition timing control section, and a cylinder specific correction value setting section having correction values of the same number as that of engine cylinders. The reference ignition timing control section calculates reference ignition timing common to all the cylinders and uniformly controls the ignition timings of all the cylinders to a retard angle side to prevent the occurrence of successive knocks.

Abstract: An ion current corresponding to an amount of ion produced by combustion of air fuel mixture in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is detected and an ion current parameter indicative of combustion state is calculated from the ion current. The properties of fuel is determined by a change of combustion state from an engine start time, that is, by a change of the ion current parameter.

Abstract: A cartridge for nucleic acid separation and purification and a method for producing the cartridge are provided which does not require a special facility for adhering containers and can produce a number of cartridges at the same time. Also is provided a cartridge for nucleic acid separation and purification in which a washing liquid is prevented from remaining in the container during washing step of nucleic acid separation and purification, and liquids is prevented from attaching to an outer wall surface of a discharge part. Specifically, a cartridge for nucleic acid separation and purification (100) is composed of: an insert member (110) including a bottom member (120) and a nucleic acid-adsorptive porous membrane (F); and a barrel (140) which is formed by insert injection molding with the insert member (110).

Abstract: A porous membrane cartridge of the present invention is configured to comprises a cylindrical barrel having openings at a top end and a rear end, respectively; a cap formed into a cylindrical shape having a fit-in portion fitted outside the top end, abutting with an opening edge of the top end, and having a sandwiching face for sandwiching a porous membrane between itself and the barrel; and the porous membrane sandwiched between the opening edge of the barrel and the cap, wherein the cap is fixed to the barrel so as not to be pulled out of the barrel in a state of crushing a peripheral edge of the porous membrane and sandwiching the porous membrane between itself and the cap.

Abstract: Porous membrane cartridge includes: a tubular-shaped barrel member having a weld portion at an outer peripheral surface positioned adjacent to one end thereof; a tubular-shaped cap member having a weld portion, inner peripheral surface of which contacts the weld portion of the barrel member, and a sandwiching surface which faces to an open edge portion of the barrel member-side weld portion; and a porous membrane sandwiched between the open edge portion of the barrel member-side weld portion and the sandwiching surface of the cap member. Porous membrane cartridge is manufactured by inserting the cap member and the porous membrane in a cavity of a mold for injection molding, and thereafter injecting molding material into the cavity to form the barrel member. Cap member-side weld portion has a ratio of its height (H) and its diameter (D), which is defined by H/D, to be equal to or greater than 0.07.

Abstract: The valve timing control system of the present invention comprises an actuator for changing an actual valve timing of an intake valve or an exhaust valve; an oil pressure adjusting unit for supplying operating oil to the actuator, and adjusting the oil pressure thereof; an actual valve timing control unit for controlling the actuator by controlling the oil pressure adjusting unit, so that the actual valve timing follows up a target value; and an oil temperature estimation unit for estimating the temperature of the operating oil, according to an operating state of the internal combustion engine from a previous operation, and according to its current operating state. Based on the estimated oil temperature, the actual valve timing control unit switches a control amount for controlling the oil pressure adjusting unit.

Abstract: The valve timing control system of the present invention comprises an actuator for changing an actual valve timing of an intake valve or an exhaust valve; an oil pressure adjusting unit for supplying operating oil to the actuator, and adjusting the oil pressure thereof; an actual valve timing control unit for controlling the actuator by controlling the oil pressure adjusting unit, so that the actual valve timing follows up a target value; and an oil temperature estimation unit for estimating the temperature of the operating oil, according to an operating state of the internal combustion engine from a previous operation, and according to its current operating state. Based on the estimated oil temperature, the actual valve timing control unit switches a control amount for controlling the oil pressure adjusting unit.

Abstract: A valve timing control system for an internal combustion engine for preventing hitching of a lock pin of an actuator at the time of changing a cam angle is provided. The valve timing control system is provided with actuators 15 and 16 connected to cam shafts 15C and 16C, hydraulic pressure supply units 19 and 20 for driving the actuators, and a controller 21A for controlling a hydraulic pressure for the actuators in dependence on engine operation states while changing a relative phase of the cam shafts relative to crank shafts. The actuator includes a locking mechanism for setting the relative phase to a lock-up position, and an unlocking mechanism for releasing the locking mechanism in response to a predetermined hydraulic pressure. The controller executes a releasing operation of the locking mechanism if the lock-up position in the locking mechanism changes from inside a predetermined range to outside the predetermined range.

Abstract: A valve timing control system for an internal combustion engine for preventing dispersion of a control amount and unexpected release of a lock pin is provided. The valve timing control system is provided with actuators 15 and 16 connected to cam shafts 15C and 16C, hydraulic pressure supply units 19 and 20 for driving the actuators, and a controller 21A for controlling a hydraulic pressure for the actuators in dependence on engine operation states while changing a relative phase of the cam shafts relative to crank shafts. The actuator includes a locking mechanism for setting the relative phase to a lock-up position, and an unlocking mechanism for releasing the locking mechanism in response to a predetermined hydraulic pressure. The controller makes a limit of control range small when the controller drives the locking mechanism to control the relative phase within a predetermined range of the lock-up position.