Abstract: An apparatus for effecting direct contact between a gas and a liquid which has at least one substantially vertical channel, formed for example by a pair of parallel plates, a port for introducing gas at a lower part of the channel, a port for introducing liquid to the channel, and a port for removing gas and liquid at an upper part of the channel, the height of the channel being substantially greater than the distance between the walls which define the channel such that gas at elevated pressure, when introduced into the channel, can cause liquid to move upwardly in the channel and to be removed from the channel. The apparatus may be associated with an electrolytic cell in which a gas is produced by electrolysis. Also, a process for effecting direct contact between a gas and a liquid is disclosed.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell of the type to which electrolyte is continuously charged and from which a product or products of electrolysis is or are continuously removed, the electrolytic cell being associated in close proximity with an item or items of apparatus in which electrolyte may be treated prior to charging to the electrolytic cell and/or in which a product or products of electrolysis may be treated after removal from the electrolytic cell. Also, a plurality of such electrolytic cells and items of apparatus. Electrolyte may be purified in the items of apparatus associated in close proximity with the electrolytic cells prior to charging to the cells, and the product streams from the cells may be treated in the items of apparatus prior to combining the product streams.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell of the filter press type comprising a plurality of anodes and cathodes arranged in an alternating manner,a separator positioned between each adjacent anode and cathode to form in the cell a plurality of anode and cathode compartments, anda header for electrolyte which header is connected by means of passageways to each of the anode compartments of the electrolytic cell,in which each passageway comprises a device which is so shaped that in use it creates a vortex flow in the electrolyte flowing from the header to the anode compartments of the cell.