Abstract: A method for the conversion of a carbonaceous material. The method comprising the steps of providing a carbonaceous material, providing a hot powder material and contacting the carbonaceous material and the powder material in an atmosphere configured to no more than partially oxidize carbon to CO2. The carbonaceous material is at least a partial converted into volatiles. The volatiles are separated from the additional components by specific gravity.

Abstract: Method and installation for calcining cement raw meal in a calciner whereby fuel and a calciner oxidant having an oxygen content of at least 30% vol are introduced into the calciner so as to generate either an oxidant-lean zone or a fuel-lean zone in the calciner located between the lowermost fuel inlet level and the lowermost oxidant inlet level of the calciner, between 50% and 100% by weight of the raw meal being supplied to the calciner upstream of and/or within the oxidant-lean, respectively the fuel-lean zone.

Abstract: A method to thermally convert alternative fuels within a loop seal reactor by utilizing preheated/calcined cement meal as the heat source within which alternative fuels are immersed, subjected to drying, pyrolysis and subsequently charred, and an apparatus utilized to practice such method.

Abstract: A burner for a rotary kiln comprising an elongated tubular body (6) having a longitudinal axis (L) and a discharge end (7) adjacent a combustion zone comprising a flame, at least one fuel supply pipe for transporting and ejecting fuel through a fuel pipe outlet (10) at the discharge end (7), the fuel being alternative fuel or a mixture of alternative fuel and fossil fuel, and at the discharge end (7), a number of high speed primary air jet outlets for ejecting primary air and being arranged, when seen towards the discharge end, along a closed line, such as a circle, outwardly of the fuel outlet (10) and surrounding the fuel outlet, wherein at least one of the primary air outlets and preferably a number of the primary air outlets comprise a single orifice outlet or a multiple orifice outlet forming a flat jet air outlet (11) having a major axis and a minor axis and being configured to eject a flat jet air stream (13) having a flat fan pattern with a predetermined fan angle v.

Abstract: Method and installation for calcining cement raw meal in a calciner whereby fuel and a calciner oxidant having an oxygen content of at least 30% vol are introduced into the calciner so as to generate either an oxidant-lean zone or a fuel-lean zone in the calciner located between the lowermost fuel inlet level and the lowermost oxidant inlet level of the calciner, between 50% and 100% by weight of the raw meal being supplied to the calciner upstream of and/or within the oxidant-lean, respectively the fuel-lean zone.

Abstract: Method and installation for calcining cement raw meal in a calciner whereby fuel and a calciner oxidant having an oxygen content of at least 30% vol are introduced into the calciner so as to generate either an oxidant-lean zone or a fuel-lean zone in the calciner located between the lowermost fuel inlet level and the lowermost oxidant inlet level of the calciner, between 50% and 100% by weight of the raw meal being supplied to the calciner upstream of and/or within the oxidant-lean, respectively the fuel-lean zone.

Abstract: A method to thermally convert alternative fuels within a loop seal reactor by utilizing preheated/calcined cement meal as the heat source within which alternative fuels are immersed, subjected to drying, pyrolysis and subsequently charred, and an apparatus utilized to practice such method.

Abstract: A burner for a rotary kiln comprising an elongated tubular body (6) having a longitudinal axis (L) and a discharge end (7) adjacent a combustion zone comprising a flame, at least one fuel supply pipe for transporting and ejecting fuel through a fuel pipe outlet (10) at the discharge end (7), the fuel being alternative fuel or a mixture of alternative fuel and fossil fuel, and at the discharge end (7), a number of high speed primary air jet outlets for ejecting primary air and being arranged, when seen towards the discharge end, along a closed line, such as a circle, outwardly of the fuel outlet (10) and surrounding the fuel outlet, wherein at least one of the primary air outlets and preferably a number of the primary air outlets comprise a single orifice outlet or a multiple orifice outlet forming a flat jet air outlet (11) having a major axis and a minor axis and being configured to eject a flat jet air stream (13) having a flat fan pattern with a predetermined fan angle v.

Abstract: A cooler for cooling hot particulate material which has been subjected to heat treatment in an industrial kiln such as a rotary kiln for manufacturing cement clinker, includes a grate for receiving and supporting hot material from the kiln, at least one cooling gas duct which is connected to slots in the grate for introducing cooling gases into the hot material and a compressed air system for injecting compressed air into the material on the grate. The cooler also comprises at least one flow restricting device provided in the cooling gas duct. Use of the one or more flow restricting devices may permit only a very limited amount of the compressed air that is injected into the material on the grate to pass through the cooling gas duct.

Abstract: A cooler for cooling hot particulate material which has been subjected to heat treatment in an industrial kiln such as a rotary kiln for manufacturing cement clinker, includes a grate for receiving and supporting hot material from the kiln, at least one cooling gas duct which is connected to slots in the grate for introducing cooling gases into the hot material and a compressed air system for injecting compressed air into the material on the grate. The cooler also comprises at least one flow restricting device provided in the cooling gas duct. Use of the one or more flow restricting devices may permit only a very limited amount of the compressed air that is injected into the material on the grate to pass through the cooling gas duct.