Abstract: The flow properties of crude petroleum having an API gravity varying from about 6 to 12 are improved by heating the crude petroleum to a temperature of about 35° C. to 200° C. and, in the presence of a suitable viscosity reducing additive, shearing the heated crude petroleum with a high shearing force sufficient to reduce the viscosity of the crude petroleum to a range of about 250 centipoise (cP) to about 1000 cP. Suitable viscosity reducing additives include gasoline, naphtha, butanol, petroleum ether, diesel fuel, citrus oil based cleansers and degreasers, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process of the conversion of a heavy hydrocarbon into a lighter hydrocarbon utilizing a soluble transition metal salt and synthesis gas which includes soot particles and other impurities is disclosed. The inclusion of solid particles, such as soot, carbon black, silica fines has been found to decrease the formation of sediment during the reaction process.

Abstract: A process for the upgrading a heavy oil to a lighter oil having a higher API gravity than the heavy oil is disclosed. The process includes reacting an emulsion of the heavy oil with water in the presence of a catalyst and a hydrogen containing gas to give a reaction product from which the light oil is recovered. The process may also include the gasification of the heavy oil residue and the hydrocarbon containing water portions of the above reaction product for use in the upgrading process. The catalyst is preferably soluble in either oil or water portion of the emulsion and includes a transition metal containing compound, the metal being selected from Group V, Group VI, Group VIII of the Periodic Table or mixtures of these metals.

Abstract: A process for upgrading plastic material containing inorganic filler or reinforcement material for use as feedstock in a partial oxidation gas generator for the production of raw synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas. The plastic material is granulated and partially liquefied by heating in a closed autoclave at a temperature in the range of about 400.degree. F. to 495.degree. F. and a pressure in the range of about 150 psig to 750 psig while the plastic material is in contact with a pumpable hydrocarbonaceous liquid solvent. A pumpable slurry is thereby produced comprising solubilized plastic, unsolubilized plastic, hydrocarbonaceous liquid solvent, separated inorganic material and unseparated inorganic material. After removing the separated inorganic material, the remainder of the slurry is then reacted by partial oxidation to produce said raw synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas.

Abstract: A pumpable slurry of shredded scrap solid carbonaceous plastic-containing material that contains associated inorganic matter in admixture with a comminuted aluminosilicate-containing material having noncombustible constituents is reacted by partial oxidation to produce synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas. The noncombustible constituents in the aluminosilicate-containing material captures the inorganic matter in the scrap solid carbonaceous plastic-containing material while in the reducing atmosphere of the gasifier to produce nontoxic, nonleachable slag. The slurrying medium is water, liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, or mixtures thereof. Scrap plastics may be disposed of by the subject process without polluting the nation's environment.