Abstract: A wearable navigation system for blind or visually impaired persons with wireless assistance. The system has one or more than one camera to capture images from the surroundings of the blind user. A server uses the images captured by the camera along with a global positioning and specialized satellite imagery to determine a route for the blind user to follow. The user uses an audio input/output transceiver to enter and hear commands from the server. The system also has a wireless communications device so that the blind user can ask for remote assistance if there is a situation that the server cannot process.

Abstract: Methods are described for charging fees in a road toll system. An on-board unit identification is input into a toll terminal to generate a transaction identification. The transaction identification is transmitted to a transaction server, and from the server to a transaction terminal. A payment card identification is input into the transaction terminal, and is transmitted with the transaction identification to the server. A substitute identification, generated in the transaction server and associated with the card identification, and the transaction identification are transmitted from the transaction server to the toll terminal. The on-board unit identification and substitute identification, associated by the transaction identification, are transmitted from the toll terminal to a toll server.

Abstract: Methods are described for charging fees in a road toll system. An on-board unit identification is input into a toll terminal to generate a transaction identification. The transaction identification is transmitted to a transaction server, and from the server to a transaction terminal. A payment card identification is input into the transaction terminal, and is transmitted with the transaction identification to the server. A substitute identification, generated in the transaction server and associated with the card identification, and the transaction identification are transmitted from the transaction server to the toll terminal. The on-board unit identification and substitute identification, associated by the transaction identification, are transmitted from the toll terminal to a toll server.

Abstract: Method for charging position usages of vehicles in a road toll system including acquiring an identifier of a vehicle device, a transaction value and an identifier of a payment card as a payment transaction, authorization a payment transaction system and transmitting associated authorization data with the vehicle device identifier to a toll server, generating a substitute identifier assigned to the card identifier and transmitting the substitute identifier with the authorization data to the toll server, associating the substitute identifier and the vehicle device identifier based on the respective received authorization data, calculating toll values based on position usages of vehicles, based on the card identifier assigned to substitute identifier, the transmitted toll values and the transaction value.

Abstract: Method for charging position usages of vehicles in a road toll system including acquiring an identifier of a vehicle device, a transaction value and an identifier of a payment card as a payment transaction, authorization a payment transaction system and transmitting associated authorization data with the vehicle device identifier to a toll server, generating a substitute identifier assigned to the card identifier and transmitting the substitute identifier with the authorization data to the toll server, associating the substitute identifier and the vehicle device identifier based on the respective received authorization data, calculating toll values based on position usages of vehicles, based on the card identifier assigned to substitute identifier, the transmitted toll values and the transaction value.

Abstract: Described herein is a physiologically-balanced, acidic solution. Typically the solution is prepared by a chemical reactions or by the electrolysis of a solution comprising a mixture of an inorganic salt to form a physiologically balanced solution. This invention also relates to methods for use of the solutions, including a specialized bandage which may be used in combination with the solutions, or optionally with other topically applied materials. A mixture of inorganic salts and, optionally minerals, is used in order to mimic the electrolyte concentration and mixture of body fluid in an isotonic state. The solution typically comprises of one halide salt of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and other cations. Typically the halide is fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide, and most typically chloride.