Abstract: Disclosed herein is a coupled torsion beam axle type rear suspension system that includes a coupled torsion beam axle (100) installed to extend in a transverse direction of a vehicle body, a pair of trailing arms (200) coupled to respective ends of the coupled torsion beam axle (100), and a transverse leaf spring (300) having both ends connected to the respective trailing arms (200) and a center portion connected to a body cross member (40), thereby reducing the number of parts and improving driving stability.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including medium-encoded computer program products, for computer aided design of physical structures include: obtaining a density-based representation of a modeled object, the density-based representation comprising multiple different subsets of elements, each subset having a starting element at a milling depth, which is one of three or more milling depths for three or more corresponding discrete layers that are each perpendicular to a milling direction for the modeled object; and reassigning milling depths of at least a portion of the multiple different subsets of elements, the reassigning for a current starting element in a current layer for an element subset comprising moving the milling depth for the element subset of the current starting element when an angular difference between other starting elements, which are associated with the current starting element and are located in a different layer, meets or exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including medium-encoded computer program products, for computer aided design of physical structures using generative design processes, where the 3D models of the physical structures are produced so as to facilitate manufacturing of the physical structures using 2.5-axis subtractive manufacturing systems and techniques, include: obtaining a design space, design criteria, and in-use case(s); iteratively modifying a generatively designed shape in the design space in accordance with the design criteria and the in-use case(s) using a density-based representation of the generatively designed shape and including adjusting the density-based representation of the generatively designed three dimensional shape in accordance with a milling direction of a 2.

Abstract: A frame for a purpose-built vehicle (PBV) includes: a front part frame positioned at a front side of a vehicle; a rear part frame positioned at a rear side of the vehicle; and a center part frame. The center part frame has a rectangular planar shape and is coupled between the front part frame and the rear part frame.

Abstract: A frame structure for a purpose built vehicle (PBV) includes: two main side members extending while gradually rising toward a front of the PBV and extending in a front/rear direction to be disposed on either side of the PBV; two auxiliary side members respectively extending in a front/rear direction to be disposed on a lower side of the two main side members; a front cross member connecting the two auxiliary side members in a lateral direction of the PBV; and a plurality of vertical members respectively connecting the main side members and the auxiliary side members in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A frame for an electric vehicle includes a front part frame located at a front of the vehicle; a rear part frame located at a rear of the vehicle; and a central part frame configured in a flat shape to be coupled between the front part frame and the rear part frame and to accommodate a battery therein.

Abstract: A vehicle battery pack case includes a battery bolt provided on a lateral side of a vehicle frame; a first nut provided outside the battery bolt, externally and internally formed with an internal screw thread and an external screw thread, of which tightening directions are opposite to each other, and tightened to the battery bolt through the internal screw thread; and a second nut provided outside the battery bolt and the first nut, and tightened to the first nut through the external screw thread formed on the first nut.

Abstract: A frame structure for a purpose built vehicle (PBV) includes: an inner panel connected to the rear of a middle part of a side member to form an inner side of a rear part of the side member, a front outer panel connected to the rear of the middle part of the side member and coupled to an outer side of the inner panel to form a closed cross-section, a center outer panel connected to the rear of the front outer panel and coupled to the outer side of the inner panel to form a space in which a rear suspension member is coupled, and a rear outer panel connected to the rear of the center outer panel and coupled to the outer side of the inner panel to form a closed cross-section.

Abstract: A deposition mask according to an embodiment comprises a metal plate comprising a deposition area and a non-deposition area. The through-hole comprises a communicating portion connected to a first facing hole configured such that the first diameter slopes at an acute angle with regard to one surface in the transverse-axis direction of the metal plate, and a communicating portion connected to a second facing hole configured such that the first diameter slopes at an obtuse angle with regard to one surface in the transverse-axis direction of the deposition mask. In the longitudinal-axis direction of the metal plate, the first facing hole and the second facing hole are arranged alternately in a row. In the transverse-axis direction of the metal plate, the first facing hole and the second facing hole are arranged alternately in a row.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatuses, for producing an electrical apparatus. In one aspect of the disclosure, a method includes identifying a first electrical apparatus including a first winding configured to receive a first voltage, the first winding including a first electrical coil and a second coil coupled in series. The method also includes determining, based on a reduction rate, one or more characteristics of a second electrical apparatus including a second winding configured to receive the first voltage, the second winding including a third electrical coil and a fourth coil coupled in parallel. Each of the first coil and the second coil including a first number of turns and each of the third coil and the fourth coil including a second number of turns. The reduction rate is associated with a ratio based on a reducing number of turns and the first number of turns.

Abstract: A deposition mask according to an embodiment includes a metal plate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface wherein the metal plate includes iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni), a thickness of the metal plate is 15 ?m to 30 ?m, and the metal plate includes a first surface layer having a depth of 20% or less of the thickness of the metal plate from the first surface and a second surface layer having a depth of 20% or less of the thickness of the metal plate from the second surface, wherein when diffraction intensity with respect to a (111) crystal plane of the first surface layer is defined as I(111), diffraction intensity with respect to a (200) crystal plane is defined as I(200), and diffraction intensity with respect to a (220) crystal plane is defined as I(220), a ratio of diffraction intensity of I(220) is defined by Equation 1 below, A=I(220)/(I(200)+I(220)+I(111)) ??[Equation] a ratio of diffraction intensity of I(200) is defined by Equation 2 below, B=I(200)/(I(200

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including medium-encoded computer program products, for computer aided design of physical structures include: obtaining a density-based representation of a modeled object and data specifying a starting element for each of multiple different subsets of elements; processing starting elements having milling depths associated with layers below a top most layer, the processing including, for a current starting element for a current layer, identifying other starting elements that have milling depths associated with a layer above the current layer and are closer to the current starting element than an amount at least equal to a radius of a smallest available milling tool, calculating a maximum angular difference, and moving the milling depth for the element subset of the current starting element to a layer above the current layer, responsive to the maximum angular difference being greater than a threshold, to remove a non-manufacturable corner.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including medium-encoded computer program products, for computer aided design of physical structures include: obtaining a density-based representation of a modeled object and data specifying a starting element for each of multiple different subsets of elements; processing starting elements having milling depths associated with layers below a top most layer, the processing including, for a current starting element for a current layer, identifying other starting elements that have milling depths associated with a layer above the current layer and are closer to the current starting element than an amount at least equal to a radius of a smallest available milling tool, calculating a maximum angular difference, and moving the milling depth for the element subset of the current starting element to a layer above the current layer, responsive to the maximum angular difference being greater than a threshold, to remove a non-manufacturable corner.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including medium-encoded computer program products, for computer aided design of physical structures using generative design processes, where the 3D models of the physical structures are produced so as to facilitate manufacturing of the physical structures using 2.5-axis subtractive manufacturing systems and techniques, include: obtaining a design space, design criteria, and in-use case(s); iteratively modifying a generatively designed shape in the design space in accordance with the design criteria and the in-use case(s) using a density-based representation of the generatively designed shape and including adjusting the density-based representation of the generatively designed three dimensional shape in accordance with a milling direction of a 2.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including medium-encoded computer program products, for computer aided design of physical structures include: obtaining a density-based representation of a modeled object and data specifying a starting element for each of multiple different subsets of elements; processing starting elements having milling depths associated with layers below a top most layer, the processing including, for a current starting element for a current layer, identifying other starting elements that have milling depths associated with a layer above the current layer and are closer to the current starting element than an amount at least equal to a radius of a smallest available milling tool, calculating a maximum angular difference, and moving the milling depth for the element subset of the current starting element to a layer above the current layer, responsive to the maximum angular difference being greater than a threshold, to remove a non-manufacturable corner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fabricating a nanowire connected to an optical fiber, the method comprising the steps of: a) filling a micropipette with a material solution to form a nanowire; b) coaxially aligning the micropipette with the optical fiber at one end of the optical fiber such that a longitudinal axis of the optical fiber and a longitudinal axis of the micropipette are aligned in a line; c) forming a meniscus of the material solution to form the nanowire in the coaxially aligned state; and d) fabricating the nanowire by evaporating a solvent from the material solution to form the nanowire while lifting the micropipette in a state in which the meniscus is formed, in a direction away from the optical fiber. The method further comprises a step of a step of controlling a shape of the distal end of the nanowire by irradiating a laser to the nanowire fabricated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical interconnection for interconnecting a first contact and a second contact, which need to be optically interconnected, the optical interconnection comprising: a nanorod formed on at least one of the first contact and the second contact; and a nanowire extending from the first contact or the nanorod formed on the first contact so as to transmit an optical signal toward the second contact or the nanorod formed on the second contact. The optical interconnection according to the present invention shows improved optical signal characteristics due to a reduction in coupling loss.

Abstract: A tubular type torsion beam is manufactured by bending and welding and coupling a plate material. The plate material has a plurality of protrusions disposed on a plurality of side surfaces in a width direction of the vehicle. The torsion beam is manufactured by molding the plate material in a pipe shape by bending the plate material in the width direction and molding the plate material to dispose the plurality of protrusions to contact each other to form a gap between the plurality of side surfaces of the plate material and then welding and coupling the plurality of side surfaces of the plate material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fabricating a nanowire connected to an optical fiber, the method comprising the steps of: a) filling a micropipette with a material solution to form a nanowire; b) coaxially aligning the micropipette with the optical fiber at one end of the optical fiber such that a longitudinal axis of the optical fiber and a longitudinal axis of the micropipette are aligned in a line; c) forming a meniscus of the material solution to form the nanowire in the coaxially aligned state; and d) fabricating the nanowire by evaporating a solvent from the material solution to form the nanowire while lifting the micropipette in a state in which the meniscus is formed, in a direction away from the optical fiber. The method further comprises a step of a step of controlling a shape of the distal end of the nanowire by irradiating a laser to the nanowire fabricated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical interconnection for interconnecting a first contact and a second contact, which need to be optically interconnected, the optical interconnection comprising: a nanorod formed on at least one of the first contact and the second contact; and a nanowire extending from the first contact or the nanorod formed on the first contact so as to transmit an optical signal toward the second contact or the nanorod formed on the second contact. The optical interconnection according to the present invention shows improved optical signal characteristics due to a reduction in coupling loss.