Abstract: Microfluidic systems having photodetectors disclosed therein and methods of producing the same are disclosed herein. According to an aspect, a microfluidic system includes a body including an interior wall that at least partially defines an interior space for receipt of fluid. Further, the microfluidic system includes a photodetector disposed on the interior wall and positioned to receive light from fluid in the interior space for generating an electrical signal representative of the received light.

Abstract: Microfluidic systems having photodetectors disclosed therein and methods of producing the same are disclosed herein. According to an aspect, a microfluidic system includes a body including an interior wall that at least partially defines an interior space for receipt of fluid. Further, the microfluidic system includes a photodetector disposed on the interior wall and positioned to receive light from fluid in the interior space for generating an electrical signal representative of the received light.

Abstract: Examples of the present invention include a metamaterial comprising a plurality of resonators disposed on a substrate, the substrate comprising a dielectric support layer and a relatively thin semiconductor layer, having a Schottky junction between at least one conducting resonator and the semiconductor layer. The properties of the resonator may be adjusted by modifying the physical extent of a depletion region associated with the Schottky junction.

Abstract: Examples of the present invention include a metamaterial comprising a plurality of resonators disposed on a substrate, the substrate comprising a dielectric support layer and a relatively thin semiconductor layer, having a Schottky junction between at least one conducting resonator and the semiconductor layer. The properties of the resonator may be adjusted by modifying the physical extent of a depletion region associated with the Schottky junction.

Abstract: An example method of fabricating a metamaterial comprises providing a first metamaterial layer, the first metamaterial layer including a first plurality of conducting patterns, such as electrically coupled resonators. A second metamaterial layer is then formed, including a second plurality of conducting patterns, to form a multilayer metamaterial. Positional alignment of the first and second plurality of conducting patterns can be achieved relative to the same fiducial mark, which may be associated with the first metamaterial layer, for example supported by a first substrate or on an alignment layer that is attached to the first substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bidirectional optical link and method to facilitate bi-directional optical communications with a single optical fiber. Briefly described, the bi-directional optical link comprises a thin film detector having an upper surface facing a predetermined direction to receive incident light. Also, the link includes a thin film emitter stacked over the upper surface and oriented to direct a beam of light toward the predetermined direction. The thin film detector is relatively wide and flat, where the thin film emitter can be placed on the thin film detector while occluding only a portion of the thin film detector. Thus, the thin film detector can receive incident light from a single optical fiber facing the emitter/detector from the predetermined direction while at the same time emitting a beam of light into the same single optical fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bi-directional optical link and method. The bi-directional optical link comprises a detector having an upper surface facing a predetermined direction and a beam turning device located over the surface. The bi-directional optical link also includes an emitter oriented to direct a beam of light toward the beam turning device, the beam turning device redirecting the beam of light toward the predetermined direction.